Der Kovalenzradius oder kovalente Radius rkov ist der halbe Abstand zweier kovalent gebundener Atome eines Elements.
Die Angabe erfolgt in Picometer pm oder Ångström Å [1Å = 100 pm].
Tabelle: Kovalente Radien der chemischen Elemente
Die Kovalenzradien sind in Ångström angegeben. Die Zahlen in Klammern sind die geschätzten Standardabweichungen für die letzte Ziffer.
Die Tabellenwerte der Quelle [1] basieren auf der statistischen Analyse von mehr als 228.000 experimentell ermittelten Bindungslängen (Cambridge Structural Database).
Zur Ermittlung der kovalenten Radien der Quellen [2] bis [4] wurden sowohl experimentelle wie auch numerische Daten verwendet [siehe dort].
| Ordnungszahl | Symbol | r (Å)[1] | r1(Å)[2] | r2(Å)[3] | r3(Å) [4] |
| 1 | H | 0,31(5) | 0,32 | ||
| 2 | He | 0,28 | 0,46 | ||
| 3 | Li | 1,28(7) | 1,33 | 1,24 | |
| 4 | Be | 0,96(3) | 1,02 | 0,90 | 0,85 |
| 5 | B | 0,84(3) | 0,85 | 0,78 | 0,73 |
| 6 | C(sp3) | 0,76(1) | 0,75 | ||
| C(sp2) | 0,73(2) | 0,67 | |||
| C(sp) | 0,69(1) | 0,60 | |||
| 7 | N | 0,71(1) | 0,71 | 0,60 | 0,54 |
| 8 | O | 0,66(2) | 0,63 | 0,57 | 0,53 |
| 9 | F | 0,57(3) | 0,64 | 0,59 | 0,53 |
| 10 | Ne | 0,58 | 0,67 | 0,96 | |
| 11 | Na | 1,66(9) | 1,55 | 1,60 | |
| 12 | Mg | 1,41(7) | 1,39 | 1,32 | 1,27 |
| 13 | Al | 1,21(4) | 1,26 | 1,13 | 1,11 |
| 14 | Si | 1,11(2) | 1,16 | 1,07 | 1,02 |
| 15 | P | 1,07(3) | 1,11 | 1,02 | 0,94 |
| 16 | S | 1,05(3) | 1,03 | 0,94 | 0,95 |
| 17 | Cl | 1,02(4) | 0,99 | 0,95 | 0,93 |
| 18 | Ar | 1,06(10) | 0,96 | 1,07 | 0,96 |
| 19 | K | 2,03(12) | 1,96 | 1,93 | |
| 20 | Ca | 1,76(10) | 1,71 | 1,47 | 1,33 |
| 21 | Sc | 1,70(7) | 1,48 | 1,16 | 1,14 |
| 22 | Ti | 1,60(8) | 1,36 | 1,17 | 1,08 |
| 23 | V | 1,53(8) | 1,34 | 1,12 | 1,06 |
| 24 | Cr | 1,39(5) | 1,22 | 1,11 | 1,03 |
| 25 | Mn(lowspin) | 1,39(5) | |||
| Mn(highspin) | 1,61(8) | ||||
| Mn | 1,19 | 1,05 | 1,03 | ||
| 26 | Fe(lowspin) | 1,32(3) | |||
| Fe(highspin) | 1,52(6) | ||||
| Fe | 1,16 | 1,09 | 1,02 | ||
| 27 | Co(lowspin) | 1,26(3) | |||
| Co(highspin) | 1,50(7) | ||||
| Co | 1,11 | 1,03 | 0,96 | ||
| 28 | Ni | 1,24(4) | 1,10 | 1,01 | 1,01 |
| 29 | Cu | 1,32(4) | 1,12 | 1,15 | 1,20 |
| 30 | Zn | 1,22(4) | 1,18 | 1,20 | |
| 31 | Ga | 1,22(3) | 1,24 | 1,17 | 1,21 |
| 32 | Ge | 1,20(4) | 1,21 | 1,11 | 1,14 |
| 33 | As | 1,19(4) | 1,21 | 1,14 | 1,06 |
| 34 | Se | 1,20(4) | 1,16 | 1,07 | 1,07 |
| 35 | Br | 1,20(3) | 1,14 | 1,09 | 1,10 |
| 36 | Kr | 1,16(4) | 1,17 | 1,21 | 1,08 |
| 37 | Rb | 2,20(9) | 2,1 | 2,02 | |
| 38 | Sr | 1,95(10) | 1,85 | 1,57 | 1,39 |
| 39 | Y | 1,90(7) | 1,63 | 1,3 | 1,24 |
| 40 | Zr | 1,75(7) | 1,54 | 1,27 | 1,21 |
| 41 | Nb | 1,64(6) | 1,47 | 1,25 | 1,16 |
| 42 | Mo | 1,54(5) | 1,38 | 1,21 | 1,13 |
| 43 | Tc | 1,47(7) | 1,28 | 1,2 | 1,1 |
| 44 | Ru | 1,46(7) | 1,25 | 1,14 | 1,03 |
| 45 | Rh | 1,42(7) | 1,25 | 1,1 | 1,06 |
| 46 | Pd | 1,39(6) | 1,2 | 1,17 | 1,12 |
| 47 | Ag | 1,45(5) | 1,28 | 1,39 | 1,37 |
| 48 | Cd | 1,44(9) | 1,36 | 1,44 | |
| 49 | In | 1,42(5) | 1,42 | 1,36 | 1,46 |
| 50 | Sn | 1,39(4) | 1,4 | 1,3 | 1,32 |
| 51 | Sb | 1,39(5) | 1,4 | 1,33 | 1,27 |
| 52 | Te | 1,38(4) | 1,36 | 1,28 | 1,21 |
| 53 | I | 1,39(3) | 1,33 | 1,29 | 1,25 |
| 54 | Xe | 1,40(9) | 1,31 | 1,35 | 1,22 |
| 55 | Cs | 2,44(11) | 2,32 | 2,09 | |
| 56 | Ba | 2,15(11) | 1,96 | 1,61 | 1,49 |
| 57 | La | 2,07(8) | 1,8 | 1,39 | 1,39 |
| 58 | Ce | 2,04(9) | 1,63 | 1,37 | 1,31 |
| 59 | Pr | 2,03(7) | 1,76 | 1,38 | 1,28 |
| 60 | Nd | 2,01(6) | 1,74 | 1,37 | |
| 61 | Pm | 1,99 | 1,73 | 1,35 | |
| 62 | Sm | 1,98(8) | 1,72 | 1,34 | |
| 63 | Eu | 1,98(6) | 1,68 | 1,34 | |
| 64 | Gd | 1,96(6) | 1,69 | 1,35 | 1,32 |
| 65 | Tb | 1,94(5) | 1,68 | 1,35 | |
| 66 | Dy | 1,92(7) | 1,67 | 1,33 | |
| 67 | Ho | 1,92(7) | 1,66 | 1,33 | |
| 68 | Er | 1,89(6) | 1,65 | 1,33 | |
| 69 | Tm | 1,90(10) | 1,64 | 1,31 | |
| 70 | Yb | 1,87(8) | 1,7 | 1,29 | |
| 71 | Lu | 1,87(8) | 1,62 | 1,31 | 1,31 |
| 72 | Hf | 1,75(10) | 1,52 | 1,28 | 1,22 |
| 73 | Ta | 1,70(8) | 1,46 | 1,26 | 1,19 |
| 74 | W | 1,62(7) | 1,37 | 1,2 | 1,15 |
| 75 | Re | 1,51(7) | 1,31 | 1,19 | 1,1 |
| 76 | Os | 1,44(4) | 1,29 | 1,16 | 1,09 |
| 77 | Ir | 1,41(6) | 1,22 | 1,15 | 1,07 |
| 78 | Pt | 1,36(5) | 1,23 | 1,12 | 1,1 |
| 79 | Au | 1,36(6) | 1,24 | 1,21 | 1,23 |
| 80 | Hg | 1,32(5) | 1,33 | 1,42 | |
| 81 | Tl | 1,45(7) | 1,44 | 1,42 | 1,5 |
| 82 | Pb | 1,46(5) | 1,44 | 1,35 | 1,37 |
| 83 | Bi | 1,48(4) | 1,51 | 1,41 | 1,35 |
| 84 | Po | 1,40(4) | 1,45 | 1,35 | 1,29 |
| 85 | At | 1,50 | 1,47 | 1,38 | 1,38 |
| 86 | Rn | 1,50 | 1,42 | 1,45 | 1,33 |
| 87 | Fr | 2,60 | 2,23 | 2,18 | |
| 88 | Ra | 2,21(2) | 2,01 | 1,73 | 1,59 |
| 89 | Ac | 2,15 | 1,86 | 1,53 | 1,4 |
| 90 | Th | 2,06(6) | 1,75 | 1,43 | 1,36 |
| 91 | Pa | 2,00 | 1,69 | 1,38 | 1,29 |
| 92 | U | 1,96(7) | 1,7 | 1,34 | 1,18 |
| 93 | Np | 1,90(1) | 1,71 | 1,36 | 1,16 |
| 94 | Pu | 1,87(1) | 1,72 | 1,35 | |
| 95 | Am | 1,80(6) | 1,66 | 1,35 | |
| 96 | Cm | 1,69(3) | 1,66 | 1,36 | |
| 97 | Bk | 1,66 | 1,39 | ||
| 98 | Cf | 1,68 | 1,4 | ||
| 99 | Es | 1,65 | 1,4 | ||
| 100 | Fm | 1,67 | |||
| 101 | Md | 1,73 | 1,39 | ||
| 102 | No | 1,76 | 1,59 | ||
| 103 | Lr | 1,61 | 1,41 | ||
| 104 | Rf | 1,57 | 1,4 | 1,31 | |
| 105 | Db | 1,49 | 1,36 | 1,26 | |
| 106 | Sg | 1,43 | 1,28 | 1,21 | |
| 107 | Bh | 1,41 | 1,28 | 1,19 | |
| 108 | Hs | 1,34 | 1,25 | 1,18 | |
| 109 | Mt | 1,29 | 1,25 | 1,13 | |
| 110 | Ds | 1,28 | 1,16 | 1,12 | |
| 111 | Rg | 1,21 | 1,16 | 1,18 | |
| 112 | Cn | 1,22 | 1,37 | 1,3 | |
| 113 | Nh | 1,36 | |||
| 114 | Fl | 1,43 | |||
| 115 | Mc | 1,62 | |||
| 116 | Lv | 1,75 | |||
| 117 | Ts | 1,65 | |||
| 118 | Og | 1,57 |
Quellen
[1] Beatriz Cordero et al.:Covalent radii revisited. Dalton Transactions, 2008, 2832-2838, DOI 10.1039/b801115j.
[2] Pekka Pyykkö, Michiko Atsumi:Molecular Single-Bond Covalent Radii for Elements 1-118. Chemistry - A European Journal, 2008, DOI 10.1002/chem.200800987.
[3] Pekka Pyykkö, Michiko Atsumi:Molecular Double-Bond Covalent Radii for Elements Li-E112. Chemistry - A European Journal, 2009, DOI 10.1002/chem.200901472.
[4] Pekka Pyykkö, Michiko Atsumi:Triple-Bond Covalent Radii. Chemistry - A European Journal, 2005, DOI 10.1002/chem.200401299.
Kategorie: Daten und Tabellen
Aktualisiert am 25. Mai 2021.
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