Als Elektronenbindungsenergie wird die Energiemenge bezeichnet, die einem Elektron zugeführt werden muss, um es endgültig aus einem Atom zu entfernen.
Atome bestehen aus einem Atomkern mit positiv geladenen Protonen und elektrisch neutralen Neutronen sowie einer Atomhülle, in der sich die Elektronen aufhalten. Die negativ geladenen Elektronen werden vom Atomkern angezogen. Die zur Überwindung dieses Coulomb-Kraftfelds gerade erforderliche Energie ist die Elektronen-Bindungsenergie.
Für ein einzelnes Wasserstoff-Atom ist diese Energie gerade noch genau festlegbar - zum einem mittels der Schrödinger-Gleichung auf der nicht-relativistischen Ebene, zum anderen auf der relativistischen Ebene mittels der Dirac-Gleichung.
Die nachfolgende Tabelle führt die Elektronenbindungsenergien in Elektronvolt (eV) für die Elemente in ihrer natürlichen Form auf.
Wasserstoff bis Kohlenstoff
HHeLiBeBC
K1s13,598124,654,7111,5188284,2
Stickstoff bis Magnesium
NOFNeNaMg
K1s409,9543,1696,7870,21070,81303,0
L-I2s37,341,648,563,588,7
L-II2p1/221,730,6549,78
L-III2p3/221,630,8149,5
Aluminium bis Argon
AlSiPSClAr
K1s1559,618392145,524722822,43205,9
L-I2s117,8149,7189230,9270326,3
L-II2p1/272,9599,82136163,6202250,6
L-III2p3/272,5599,42135162,5200248,4
M-I3s29,3
M-II3p1/215,9
M-III3p3/215,7
Kalium bis Chrom
KCaScTiVCr
K1s3608,44038,54492496654655989
L-I2s378,6438,4498,0560,9626,7696
L-II2p1/2297,3349,7403,6460,2519,8583,8
L-III2p3/2294,6346,2398,7453,8512,1574,1
M-I3s34,844,3 51,158,766,374,1
M-II3p1/218,325,428,332,637,242,2
M-III3p3/218,325,428,332,637,242,2
Mangan bis Zink
MnFeCoNiCuZn
K1s653971127709833389799659
L-I2s769,1844,6925,11008,61096,71196,
L-II2p1/2649,9719,9793,2870952,31044,9
L-III2p3/2638,7706,8778,1852,7932,71021,8
M-I3s82,391,3101110,8122,5139,8
M-II3p1/247,252,758,96877,391,4
M-III3p3/247,252,759,966,275,188,6
M-IV3d3/210,2
M-V3d5/210,1
Gallium bis Krypton
GaGeAsSeBrKr
K1s103671110311867126581347414326
L-I2s1299,01414,61527,01652,017821921
L-II2p1/21143,21248,11359,11474,315961730,9
L-III2p3/21116,41217,01323,61433,915501678,4
M-I3s159,5180,1204,7229,6257292,8
M-II3p1/2103,5124,9146,2166,5189222,2
M-III3p3/2100120,8141,2160,7182214,4
M-IV3d3/218,729,841,755,57095,0
M-V3d5/218,729,241,754,66993,8
N-I4s27,5
N-II4p1/214,1
N-III4p3/214,1
Rubidium bis Molybdän
RbSrYZrNbMo
K1s152001610517038179981898620000
L-I2s206522162373253226982866
L-II2p1/2186420072156230724652625
L-III2p3/2180419402080222323712520
M-I3s326,7358,7392,0430,3466,6506,3
M-II3p1/2248,7280,3310,6343,5376,1411,6
M-III3p3/2239,1270298,8329,8360,6394
M-IV3d3/2113,0136157,7181,1205231,1
M-V3d5/2112134,2155,8178,8202,3227,9
N-I4s30,538,943,850,656,463,2
N-II4p1/216,321,324,428,532,637,6
N-III4p3/215,3 20,123,127,130,835,5
Technetium bis Cadmium
TcRuRhPdAgCd
K1s210442211723220243502551426711
L-I2s304332243412360438064018
L-II2p1/2279329673146333035243727
L-III2p3/2267728383004317333513538
M-I3s544586,1628,1671,6719772
M-II3p1/2447,6483,5521,3559,9603,8652,6
M-III3p3/2417,7461,4496,5532,3573618,4
M-IV3d3/2257,6284,2311,9340,5374411,9
M-V3d5/2253,9280307,2335,2368,3405,2
N-I4s69,57581,487,197109,8
N-II4p1/242,346,350,555,763,763,9
N-III4p3/239,943,247,350,958,363,9
N-IV4d3/211,7
N-V4d5/210,7
Indium bis Xenon
InSnSbTeIXe
K1s279402920030491318143316934561
L-I2s423844654698493951885453
L-II2p1/2393841564380461248525107
L-III2p3/2373039294132434145574786
M-I3s827,2884,7946100610721148,7
M-II3p1/2703,2756,5812,7870,89311002,1
M-III3p3/2665,3714,6766,4820875940,6
M-IV3d3/2451,4493,2537,5583,4630,8689,0
M-V3d5/2443,9484,9528,2573619,3676,4
N-I4s122,9137,1153,2169,4186213,2
N-II4p1/273,583,695,6103,3123146,7
N-III4p3/273,583,695,6103,3123145,5
N-IV4d3/217,724,933,341,950,669,5
N-V4d5/216,923,932,140,448,967,5
N-VI4f5/2-
N-VII4f7/2-
O-I5s23,3
O-II5p1/213,4
O-III5p3/212,1
Cäsium bis Neodym
CsBaLaCePrNd
K1s359853744138925404434199143569
L-I2s571459896266654968357126
L-II2p1/2535956245891616464406722
L-III2p3/2501252475483572359646208
M-I3s121112931362143615111575
M-II3p1/2107111371209127413371403
M-III3p3/21003106311281187*12421297
M-IV3d3/2740,5795,7853902,4948,31003,3
M-V3d5/2726,6780,5836883,8928,8980,4
N-I4s232,3253,5274,7291,0304,5319,2
N-II4p1/2172,4192205,8223,2236,3243,3
N-III4p3/2161,3178,6196,0206,5217,6224,6
N-IV4d3/279,892,6105,3109115,1120,5
N-V4d5/277,589,9102,5-115,1120,5
N-VI4f5/2---0,121,5
N-VII4f7/2---0,121,5
O-I5s22,730,334,337,837,437,5
O-II5p1/214,21719,319,822,321,1
O-III5p3/212,114,816,817,022,321,1
Promethium bis Dysprosium
PmSmEuGdTeDy
K1s451844683448519502393181453789
L-I2s742877378052837649399046
L-II2p1/2701373127617793046128581
L-III2p3/2645967166977724343417790
M-I3s17231800188110062047
M-II3p1/21471154116141688870,81842
M-III3p3/213571420148115448201676
M-IV3d3/210521110,91158,61221,9583,41333
M-V3d5/210271083,41127,51189,65731292,6
N-I4s-347,2360378,6169,4414,2
N-II4p1/2242265,6284286103,3333,5
N-III4p3/2242247,4257271103,3293,2
N-IV4d3/2120129133-41,9153,6
N-V4d5/2120129127,7142,640,4153,6
N-VI4f5/2-5,2-8,68,0
N-VII4f7/2-5,2-8,64,3
O-I5s-37,4323649,9
O-II5p1/2-21,3222826,3
O-III5p3/2-21,3222126,3
Holmium bis Hafnium
HoErTmYbLuHf
K1s556185748659390613326331465351
L-I2s9394975110116104861087011271
L-II2p1/289189264961799781034910739
L-III2p3/2807183588648894492449561
M-I3s212822072307239824912601
M-II3p1/2192320062090217322642365
M-III3p3/2174118121885195020242108
M-IV3d3/2139214531515157616391716
M-V3d5/2135114091468152815891662
N-I4s432,4449,8470,9480,5506,8538*
N-II4p1/2343,5366,2385,9388,7412,4438,2
N-III4p3/2308,2320,2332,6339,7359,2380,7
N-IV4d3/2160167,6175,5191,2206,1220
N-V4d5/2160167,6175,5182,4196,3211,5
N-VI4f5/28,6--2,58,915,9
N-VII4f7/25,24,74,61,37,514,2
O-I5s49,350,654,752,057,364,2
O-II5p1/230,831,431,830,333,638
O-III5p3/224,124,725,024,126,729,9
Tantal bis Platin
TaWReOsIrPt
K1s674166952571676738717611178395
L-I2s116821210012527129681341913880
L-II2p1/2111361154411959123851282413273
L-III2p3/298811020710535108711121511564
M-I3s270828202932304931743296
M-II3p1/2246925752682279229093027
M-III3p3/2219422812367245725512645
M-IV3d3/2179318721949203121162202
M-V3d5/2173518091883196020402122
N-I4s563,4594,1625,4658,2691,1725,4
N-II4p1/2463,4490,4518,7549,1577,8609,1
N-III4p3/2400,9423,6446,8470,7495,8519,4
N-IV4d3/2237,9255,9273,9293,1311,9331,6
N-V4d5/2226,4243,5260,5278,5296,3314,6
N-VI4f5/223,533,642,953,463,874,5
N-VII4f7/221,631,440,550,760,871,2
O-I5s69,775,6838495,2101,7
O-II5p1/242,245,345,65863,065,3
O-III5p3/232,736,834,644,54851,7
Gold bis Polonium
AuHgTlPbSbPo
K1s807258310285530880053049193105
L-I2s14353148391534715861469816939
L-II2p1/213734142091469815200438016244
L-III2p3/211919122841265813035413213814
M-I3s34253562370438519464149
M-II3p1/23148327934163554812,73854
M-III3p3/22743284729573066766,43302
M-IV3d3/22291238524852586537,52798
M-V3d5/22206229523892484528,22683
N-I4s762,1802,2846,2891,8153,2995
N-II4p1/2642,7680,2720,5761,995,6851
N-III4p3/2546,3576,6609,5643,595,6705
N-IV4d3/2353,2378,2405,7434,333,3500
N-V4d5/2335,1358,8385412,232,1473
N-VI4f5/287,6104122,2141,7184
N-VII4f7/28499,9117,8136,9184
O-I5s107,2127136,0147177
O-II5p1/274,283,194,6106,4132
O-III5p3/257,264,573,583,3104
O-IV5d3/29,614,720,731
O-V5d5/27,812,518,131
Astat bis Thorium
AtRnFrRaAcTh
K1s9573098404101137103922106755109651
L-I2s174931804918639192371984020472
L-II2p1/2167851733717907184841908319693
L-III2p3/2142141461915031154441587116300
M-I3s431744824652482250025182
M-II3p1/2400841594327449046564830
M-III3p3/2342635383663379239094046
M-IV3d3/2290930223136324833703491
M-V3d5/2278728923000310532193332
N-I4s104210971153120812691330
N-II4p1/2886929980105810801168
N-III4p3/2740768810879890966,4
N-IV4d3/2533567603636675712,1
N-V4d5/2507541577603639675,2
N-VI4f5/2210238268299319342,4
N-VII4f7/2210238268299319333,1
O-I5s195214234254272290
O-II5p1/2148164182200215229
O-III5p3/2115127140153167182
O-IV5d3/2404858688092,5
O-V5d5/2404858688085,4
P-I6s26344441,4
P-II6p1/2151924,5
P-III6p3/2151916,6
Protactinium bis Curium
PaUNpPuAmCm
K1s112601115606118669121791124982128241
L-I2s211052175722427231042380824526
L-II2p1/2203142094821600222662295223651
L-III2p3/2167331716617610180571851018970
M-I3s536755485739593361336337
M-II3p1/2500151825366554757395937
M-III3p3/2417443034435456346984838
M-IV3d3/2361137283849397040964224
M-V3d5/2344235523664377538904009
N-I4s138714391501155916201684
N-II4p1/2122412711328138014381498
N-III4p3/2100710431085112311651207
N-IV4d3/2743778,3816846880916
N-V4d5/2708736,2771798829862
N-VI4f5/2371388,2414436461484
N-VII4f7/2360377,4403424446470
O-I5s310321338350365383
O-II5p1/2232257274283298313
O-III5p3/2232192206213219229
O-IV5d3/294102,8109113116124
O-V5d5/29494,2101102106110
P-I6s43,947464850
P-II6p1/226,829292930
P-III6p3/216,818161616
Berkelium bis Nobelium
BkCfEsFmMdNo
K1s131556134939138396141926145526149208
L-I2s252562601026782275742838729221
L-II2p1/2243712510825865266412743828255
L-III2p3/2194351990720384208682135621851
M-I3s654567616981720874407678
M-II3p1/2613863456558677670017231
M-III3p3/2497651165259540555525702
M-IV3d3/2435344844617475248895028
M-V3d5/2412742474368449146154741
N-I4s174818131883195220242097
N-II4p1/2155816201683174918161885
N-III4p3/2124912921336137914241469
N-IV4d3/29559911029106711051145
N-V4d5/2898930965100010341070
N-VI4f5/2511538564591618645
N-VII4f7/2495520546572597524
O-I5s399416434452471490
O-II5p1/2326341357373389406
O-III5p3/2237245255262272280
O-IV5d3/2130137142149154161
O-V5d5/2117122127133137142
P-I6s525457596163
P-II6p1/2323335363738
P-III6p3/2161717171718
Quellen
[1] - J. A. Bearden, A. F. Burr:
Reevaluation of X-Ray Atomic Energy Levels.
In: Reviews of Modern Physics, (1967), DOI 10.1103/RevModPhys.39.125.
[2] - M. Cardona, L. Ley:
Photoemission in Solids I. General Principles.
In: Topics in Applied Physics, (1978), DOI 10.1007/3-540-08685-4.
[3] - T. Porter, M. S. Freedman:
Recommended atomic electron binding energies, 1s to 6p3/2, for the heavy elements, Z=84 to 103.
Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, (1978), DOI 10.1063/1.555584.
[4] - John C. Fuggle, Nils Martensson:
Core-level binding energies in metals.
In: Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena, (1980), DOI 10.1016/0368-2048(80)85056-0.
Kategorie: Daten und Tabellen
Aktualisiert am 25. Mai 2021.
Permalink: https://www.internetchemie.info/chemie-lexikon/daten/e/elektronenbindungsenergien.php
