Natrium ist ein Reinelement (monoisotopisch und mononuklidisch): In der Natur tritt nur das eine stabile Natriumisotop 23Na auf. Alle anderen bekannten Isotope sind instabil.
Isotopentabelle: Natrium
Isotop Nuklid | Z | A | N | Name | Atommasse [Kernmasse] {Massenüberschuss} | Spin I (h/2π) | μ | A-Nuk |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
17Na | 11 | 17 | 6 | Natrium-17 | 1,703727(6) u [1,6976927 u] {-14248,38652 MeV} | (1/2+) | ||
18Na | 11 | 18 | 7 | Natrium-18 | 18,026880(100) u [18,0208457 u] {25,03856 MeV} | (1)- | ||
19Na | 11 | 19 | 8 | Natrium-19 | 19,013880(11) u [19,0078457 u] {12,92914 MeV} | (5/2+) | ||
20Na | 11 | 20 | 9 | Natrium-20 | 20,0073543(12) u [20,00132 u] {6,85049 MeV} | 2+ | + 0,3694(2) | 20Mg |
21Na | 11 | 21 | 10 | Natrium-21 | 20,99765446(5) u [20,9916201 u] {-2,18486 MeV} | 3/2+ | +2,38610(4) | 21Mg 22Al 23Si |
22Na | 11 | 22 | 11 | Natrium-22 | 21,99443755(14) u [21,9884032 u] {-5,18139 MeV} | 3+ | +1,746(3) | 22Mg 23Al |
22m1Na | 11 | 22 | 11 | Natrium-22m1 | 21,99443755(14) u [21,9884032 u] {-5,18139 MeV} | 1+ | +0,535(10) | |
22m2Na | 11 | 22 | 11 | Natrium-22m2 | 21,99443755(14) u [21,9884032 u] {-5,18139 MeV} | 0+ | ||
23Na | 11 | 23 | 12 | Natrium-23 | 22,98976928(2) u [22,9837349 u] {-9,52985 MeV} | 3/2+ | +2,21750(3) | 23Mg 23Ne |
24Na | 11 | 24 | 13 | Natrium-24 | 23,990963012(18) u [23,9849287 u] {-8,4179 MeV} | 4+ | +1,6903(8) | 24Ne |
24mNa | 11 | 24 | 13 | Natrium-24m | 23,990963012(18) u [23,9849287 u] {-8,4179 MeV} | 1+ | - 1,931(3) | |
25Na | 11 | 25 | 14 | Natrium-25 | 24,9899540(13) u [24,9839197 u] {-9,35779 MeV} | 5/2+ | +3,683(4) | 25Ne |
26Na | 11 | 26 | 15 | Natrium-26 | 25,992635(4) u [25,9866007 u] {-6,86045 MeV} | 3+ | +2,851(2) | 26Ne |
26mNa | 11 | 26 | 15 | Natrium-26m | 25,992635(4) u [25,9866007 u] {-6,86045 MeV} | 1+ | ||
27Na | 11 | 27 | 16 | Natrium-27 | 26,994076(4) u [26,9880417 u] {-5,51817 MeV} | 5/2+ | + 3,895(5) | |
28Na | 11 | 28 | 17 | Natrium-28 | 27,998939(11) u [27,9929047 u] {-0,98832 MeV} | 1+ | +2,426(3) | 28Ne |
29Na | 11 | 29 | 18 | Natrium-29 | 29,002877(8) u [28,9968427 u] {2,67991 MeV} | 3/2+ | + 2,449(8) | 29Ne |
30Na | 11 | 30 | 19 | Natrium-30 | 30,009098(5) u [30,0030637 u] {8,47473 MeV} | 2+ | + 2,083(10) | 30Ne |
31Na | 11 | 31 | 20 | Natrium-31 | 31,013147(15) u [31,0071127 u] {12,24635 MeV} | 3/2+ | + 2,298(2) | 31Ne |
32Na | 11 | 32 | 21 | Natrium-32 | 32,020010(40) u [32,0139757 u] {18,63919 MeV} | (3-) | 32Ne | |
33Na | 11 | 33 | 22 | Natrium-33 | 33,02553(48) u [33,0194957 u] {23,78104 MeV} | (3/2+) | ||
34Na | 11 | 34 | 23 | Natrium-34 | 34,03401(64) u [34,0279757 u] {31,68011 MeV} | 1+ | 34Ne | |
35Na | 11 | 35 | 24 | Natrium-35 | 35,04061(72) u [35,0345757 u] {37,82797 MeV} | (3/2+) | ||
36Na | 11 | 36 | 25 | Natrium-36 | 36,049280(740) u [36,0432457 u] {45,90402 MeV} | |||
37Na | 11 | 37 | 26 | Natrium-37 | 37,057040(740) u [37,0510057 u] {53,13242 MeV} | 3/2+ | ||
38Na | 11 | 38 | 27 | Natrium-38 | 38,066460(770) u [38,0604257 u] {61,90709 MeV} | |||
39Na | 11 | 39 | 28 | Natrium-39 | 39,075120(800) u [39,0690857 u] {69,97383 MeV} | 3/2+ |
Isotop | Zerfall (radioaktiver Zerfall) | AE | Mehr | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Halbwertszeit | Zerfallsart | Anteil | Energie | Info | ||
1 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 |
Na-17 | p zu 16Ne | ? | AL | |||
Na-18 | 1,3(4) zs | p zu 17Ne | ? | AL | ||
Na-19 | 11,4 zs | p zu 18Ne | ? | 0,832 MeV | AL | |
Na-20 | 447,9(23) ms | β+ zu 20Ne β+, α zu 16O | 75,0(4) % 25,0(4) % | 13,8924(11) MeV 9,160 MeV | AL | |
Na-21 | 22,4615(39) s | β+ zu 21Ne | 100 % | 3,54692(6) MeV | AL | |
Na-22 | 2,6018(22) Jahre | EE β+ zu 22Ne | 100 % | 2,84333(13) MeV | AL | |
Na-22m1 | 243(2) ns | Iso zu 22Na | 583,05(10) keV | AL | ||
Na-22m2 | 19,6(7) ps | Iso zu 22Na | 657,00(14) keV | AL | ||
Na-23 | stabil | AL | ||||
Na-24 | 14,956(3) Stunden | β- zu 24Mg | 100 % | 5,515677(21) MeV | AL | |
Na-24m | 20,18(10) ms | β- zu 24Mg Iso zu 24Na | ca. 0,05 % ca. 99,95 % | 5,987884(21) MeV 0,4722071(14) MeV | 472,2071(14) keV | AL |
Na-25 | 59,1(6) s | β- zu 25Mg | 100 % | 3,8350(12) MeV | AL | |
Na-26 | 1,07128(25) s | β- zu 26Mg | 100 % | 9,354(4) MeV | AL | |
Na-26m | 9(2) μs | Iso zu 26Na | 100 % | 82,2(6) keV | ||
Na-27 | 301(6) ms | β- zu 27Mg β-, n zu 26Mg | 98,7 % 0,13(4) % | 9,069(4) MeV 2,625(4) MeV | AL | |
Na-28 | 30,5(4) ms | β- zu 28Mg β-, n zu 27Mg | 99,42 % 0,58(12) % | 14,032(10) MeV 5,527(10) MeV | AL | |
Na-29 | 44,1(9) ms | β- zu 29Mg β-, n zu 28Mg | 78,5(30) % 21,5(30) % | 13,292(7) MeV 9,629(7) MeV | AL | |
Na-30 | 48(2) ms | β- zu 30Mg β-, n zu 29Mg β-, 2n zu 28Mg β-, α zu 26Ne | 68,85 % 30(4) % 1,15 % 0,000055 % | 17,272 MeV 10,909 MeV 7,237 MeV 5,507 MeV | AL | |
Na-31 | 17,0(4) ms | β- zu 31Mg β-, n zu 30Mg β-, 2n zu 29Mg β-, 3n zu 28Mg | 62,05 % 39(5) % 0,7(1) % > 0,05 % | 15,368(14) MeV 13,494 MeV 7,131 MeV 3,459 MeV | AL | |
Na-32 | 13,2(4) ms | β- zu 32Mg β-, n zu 31Mg β-, 2n zu 30Mg | 68 % 24(7) % 8,3 % | 19,47(4) MeV 14,211 MeV 11,833 MeV | AL | |
Na-33 | 8,2(2) ms | β- zu 33Mg β-, n zu 32Mg β-, 2n zu 31Mg | 40 % 47(6) % 13(3) % | 18,82(45) MeV 16,538(250) MeV 11,964 MeV | AL | |
Na-34 | 5,5(10) ms | β- zu 34Mg β-, n zu 33Mg β-, 2n zu 32Mg | ca. 35 % ca. 15 % ca. 50 % | 23,36(60) MeV 18,646(599) MeV 17,573 MeV | AL | |
Na-35 | 1,8(5) ms | β- zu 35Mg β-, n zu 34Mg β-, xn ? | n =2, ..., 5 | 22,19(72) MeV 21,437(670) MeV | AL | |
Na-36 | < 180 ns | n ? | AL | |||
Na-37 | > 60 ns | β- 37Mg β-, n 36Mg β-, 2n 35Mg | ? ? ? | AL | ||
Na-38 | < 400 ns | n ? | ||||
Na-39 | 1 ms | β- 39Mg β-, n 38Mg β-, 2n 37Mg | ? ? ? |
Erläuterungen zu den einzelnen Spalten:
1 - Symbol mit Nukleonenzahl.
2 - Z = Anzahl der Protonen (Ordnungszahl).
3 - Massenzahl A.
4 - N = Anzahl der Neutronen.
5 - Bezeichnung des Natrium-Isotops; gegebenenfalls Trivialnamen.
6 - Relative Atommasse des Natrium-Isotops (Isotopenmasse inklusive Elektronen) und in eckigen Klammern die Masse des Atomkerns (Kernmasse, Nuklidmasse ohne Elektronen), jeweils bezogen auf 12C = 12,00000 [2]. Zusätzlich ist der Massenüberschuss (Massenexzess) in MeV angegeben.
7 - Kernspin I, Einheit: h/2π.
8 - Kernmagnetisches Moment μmag.
9 - Ausgangsnuklide: Mögliche, angenommene oder tatsächliche Ausgangs-Nuklide (Mutternuklide, Elternnuklide). Die entsprechenden Zerfalls-Modi sind gegebenenfalls bei den Daten des jeweiligen Ausgangsnuklids zu finden.
10 - Zerfall: Halbwertszeiten des Natrium-Isotops mit a = Jahre; ; d = Tage; h = Stunden; min = Minuten; s = Sekunden.
11 - Zerfall: Zerfallsart in die jeweiligen Tochternuklide mit n = Neutronenemission; p = Protonenemission; α = Alpha-Zerfall; ß- = Beta-Minus-Zerfall unter Elektronenemission; EE = Elektroneneinfang; ß+ = Positronenemission; ε = ß+ und/oder EE; Iso = Isomerieübergang; CZ = Cluster-Zerfall; SZ = Spontanzerfall.
12 - Zerfall: Zerfallsanteil in Prozent (%).
13 - Zerfall: Zerfallsenergie; Partikelenergie bezogen auf Zerfallsart.
14 - AE = Anregungsenergie für metastabile Kerne.
15 - Sonstige Informationen und Hinweise: AL = Weitere Niveaus, so genannte Adopted Levels (Verlinkung auf externe Daten [1]).
Sonstige:
()- Eingeklammerte Ziffern: Unsicherheit zur Darstellung der Streubreite des angegebenen Wertes.
~ - Theoretische Werte oder systematische Trends.
- ungelistet-: Nuklide, die in der Literatur bereits erwänhnt wurden, aber aus irgendwelchen Gründen in den aktuellen Nuklidtabellen nicht mehr zu finden sind, weil sich deren Entdeckung z. B. nicht bestätigt hat.
NMR-aktive Natrium-Nuklide
Nuklid Anteil Spin I | Kernmagnetisches Moment μ/μN | Gyromagnetisches Verhältnis 107 rad T-1 s-1 | Quadrupol- Moment Q [barn] | Resonanz- Frequenz v0 bei 1 T | Relative Empfindlichkeit H0 = const. v0 = const. * |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
23Na 100 % 3/2+ | +2,21750(3) | 7,0801 | +0,104(1) | 11,2688 | 0,09270 1,3234 |
*) bezogen auf 1H = 1,000
Strahlenschutz
Für den Umgang mit den Natrium-Radionukliden gelten gemäß Strahlenschutzverordnung (StrlSchV 2018) unter anderem folgende Werte (Spalten 1 bis 7):
Nuklid | Freigrenzen | HRQ-Schwelle | OFK | Tochternuklide | Halbwertszeit | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Na-22 | 106 Bq | 10 Bq/g | 0,03 TBq | 1 Bq/cm2 | 2,6 Jahre | |
Na-24 | 105 Bq | 1 Bq/g | 0,02 TBq | 1 Bq/cm2 | 15,0 Stunden |
(HRQ = Hochradioaktive Quellen; OFK = Oberflächenkontamination)
Kernisobare Nuklide des Natriums
Zu den Natrium-Nukliden isobare Atomkerne befinden sich in der jeweiligen Tabellenzeile; Z = Ordnungszahl; A = Nukleonenzahl (Massenzahl).
Z: | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | B | C | N | O | F | Ne | Na | Mg | Al | Si | P | S | Cl | Ar | K | Ca | Sc |
18 | 18B | 18C | 18N | 18O | 18F | 18Ne | 18Na | ||||||||||
19 | 19B | 19C | 19N | 19O | 19F | 19Ne | 19Na | 19Mg | |||||||||
20 | 20C | 20N | 20O | 20F | 20Ne | 20Na | 20Mg | ||||||||||
21 | 21C | 21N | 21O | 21F | 21Ne | 21Na | 21Mg | 21Al | |||||||||
22 | 22C | 22N | 22O | 22F | 22Ne | 22Na | 22Mg | 22Al | 22Si | ||||||||
23 | 23N | 23O | 23F | 23Ne | 23Na | 23Mg | 23Al | 23Si | |||||||||
24 | 24N | 24O | 24F | 24Ne | 24Na | 24Mg | 24Al | 24Si | 24P | ||||||||
25 | 25N | 25O | 25F | 25Ne | 25Na | 25Mg | 25Al | 25Si | 25P | ||||||||
26 | 26O | 26F | 26Ne | 26Na | 26Mg | 26Al | 26Si | 26P | 26S | ||||||||
27 | 27F | 27Ne | 27Na | 27Mg | 27Al | 27Si | 27P | 27S | |||||||||
28 | 28F | 28Ne | 28Na | 28Mg | 28Al | 28Si | 28P | 28S | 28Cl | ||||||||
29 | 29F | 29Ne | 29Na | 29Mg | 29Al | 29Si | 29P | 29S | 29Cl | ||||||||
30 | 30F | 30Ne | 30Na | 30Mg | 30Al | 30Si | 30P | 30S | 30Cl | 30Ar | |||||||
31 | 31F | 31Ne | 31Na | 31Mg | 31Al | 31Si | 31P | 31S | 31Cl | 31Ar | |||||||
32 | 32Ne | 32Na | 32Mg | 32Al | 32Si | 32P | 32S | 32Cl | 32Ar | 32K | |||||||
33 | 33Ne | 33Na | 33Mg | 33Al | 33Si | 33P | 33S | 33Cl | 33Ar | 33K | |||||||
34 | 34Ne | 34Na | 34Mg | 34Al | 34Si | 34P | 34S | 34Cl | 34Ar | 34K | 34Ca | ||||||
35 | 35Na | 35Mg | 35Al | 35Si | 35P | 35S | 35Cl | 35Ar | 35K | 35Ca | |||||||
36 | 36Na | 36Mg | 36Al | 36Si | 36P | 36S | 36Cl | 36Ar | 36K | 36Ca | 36Sc | ||||||
37 | 37Na | 37Mg | 37Al | 37Si | 37P | 37S | 37Cl | 37Ar | 37K | 37Ca | 37Sc |
Kernisotone Nuklide des Natriums
Die zu den Natrium-Kernen isotonen Nuklide befinden sich in der jeweiligen Tabellenzeile; N = Anzahl der Neutronen.
7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
9He | 10He | ||||||||||||||||||||
10Li | 11Li | 12Li | |||||||||||||||||||
11Be | 12Be | 13Be | 14Be | 15Be | 16Be | ||||||||||||||||
12B | 13B | 14B | 15B | 16B | 17B | 18B | 19B | 20B | 21B | ||||||||||||
13C | 14C | 15C | 16C | 17C | 18C | 19C | 20C | 21C | 22C | ||||||||||||
14N | 15N | 16N | 17N | 18N | 19N | 20N | 21N | 22N | 23N | 24N | 25N | ||||||||||
15O | 16O | 17O | 18O | 19O | 20O | 21O | 22O | 23O | 24O | 25O | 26O | ||||||||||
16F | 17F | 18F | 19F | 20F | 21F | 22F | 23F | 24F | 25F | 26F | 27F | 28F | 29F | 30F | 31F | ||||||
17Ne | 18Ne | 19Ne | 20Ne | 21Ne | 22Ne | 23Ne | 24Ne | 25Ne | 26Ne | 27Ne | 28Ne | 29Ne | 30Ne | 31Ne | 32Ne | 33Ne | 34Ne | ||||
18Na | 19Na | 20Na | 21Na | 22Na | 23Na | 24Na | 25Na | 26Na | 27Na | 28Na | 29Na | 30Na | 31Na | 32Na | 33Na | 34Na | 35Na | 36Na | 37Na | 38Na | 39Na |
19Mg | 20Mg | 21Mg | 22Mg | 23Mg | 24Mg | 25Mg | 26Mg | 27Mg | 28Mg | 29Mg | 30Mg | 31Mg | 32Mg | 33Mg | 34Mg | 35Mg | 36Mg | 37Mg | 38Mg | 39Mg | 40Mg |
21Al | 22Al | 23Al | 24Al | 25Al | 26Al | 27Al | 28Al | 29Al | 30Al | 31Al | 32Al | 33Al | 34Al | 35Al | 36Al | 37Al | 38Al | 39Al | 40Al | 41Al | |
22Si | 23Si | 24Si | 25Si | 26Si | 27Si | 28Si | 29Si | 30Si | 31Si | 32Si | 33Si | 34Si | 35Si | 36Si | 37Si | 38Si | 39Si | 40Si | 41Si | 42Si | |
24P | 25P | 26P | 27P | 28P | 29P | 30P | 31P | 32P | 33P | 34P | 35P | 36P | 37P | 38P | 39P | 40P | 41P | 42P | 43P | ||
26S | 27S | 28S | 29S | 30S | 31S | 32S | 33S | 34S | 35S | 36S | 37S | 38S | 39S | 40S | 41S | 42S | 43S | 44S | |||
28Cl | 29Cl | 30Cl | 31Cl | 32Cl | 33Cl | 34Cl | 35Cl | 36Cl | 37Cl | 38Cl | 39Cl | 40Cl | 41Cl | 42Cl | 43Cl | 44Cl | 45Cl | ||||
30Ar | 31Ar | 32Ar | 33Ar | 34Ar | 35Ar | 36Ar | 37Ar | 38Ar | 39Ar | 40Ar | 41Ar | 42Ar | 43Ar | 44Ar | 45Ar | 46Ar | |||||
32K | 33K | 34K | 35K | 36K | 37K | 38K | 39K | 40K | 41K | 42K | 43K | 44K | 45K | 46K | 47K | ||||||
34Ca | 35Ca | 36Ca | 37Ca | 38Ca | 39Ca | 40Ca | 41Ca | 42Ca | 43Ca | 44Ca | 45Ca | 46Ca | 47Ca | 48Ca | |||||||
36Sc | 37Sc | 38Sc | 39Sc | 40Sc | 41Sc | 42Sc | 43Sc | 44Sc | 45Sc | 46Sc | 47Sc | 48Sc | 49Sc | ||||||||
38Ti | 39Ti | 40Ti | 41Ti | 42Ti | 43Ti | 44Ti | 45Ti | 46Ti | 47Ti | 48Ti | 49Ti | 50Ti | |||||||||
40V | 41V | 42V | 43V | 44V | 45V | 46V | 47V | 48V | 49V | 50V | 51V | ||||||||||
41Cr | 42Cr | 43Cr | 44Cr | 45Cr | 46Cr | 47Cr | 48Cr | 49Cr | 50Cr | 51Cr | 52Cr | ||||||||||
42Mn | 43Mn | 44Mn | 45Mn | 46Mn | 47Mn | 48Mn | 49Mn | 50Mn | 51Mn | 52Mn | 53Mn | ||||||||||
45Fe | 46Fe | 47Fe | 48Fe | 49Fe | 50Fe | 51Fe | 52Fe | 53Fe | 54Fe | ||||||||||||
46Co | 47Co | 48Co | 49Co | 50Co | 51Co | 52Co | 53Co | 54Co | 55Co | ||||||||||||
48Ni | 49Ni | 50Ni | 51Ni | 52Ni | 53Ni | 54Ni | 55Ni | 56Ni | |||||||||||||
53Cu | 54Cu | 55Cu | 56Cu | 57Cu | |||||||||||||||||
54Zn | 55Zn | 56Zn | 57Zn | 58Zn | |||||||||||||||||
59Ga | |||||||||||||||||||||
60Ge |
Literatur und Hinweise
Eigenschaften der Natrium-Isotope
[1] - NuDat: National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, based on ENSDF and the Nuclear Wallet Cards.
[2] - G. Audi et. al.: The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties. Nuclear Physics, (2003), DOI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001.
[3] - Live Chart of Nuclides. Nuclear structure and decay data.
Natrium: Kernmagnetische Eigenschaften - 23Na-NMR
[4] - N. J. Stone: Table of nuclear magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments. Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables, (2005), DOI 10.1016/j.adt.2005.04.001.
[5] - Pekka Pyykkö: Year-2008 nuclear quadrupole moments. Molecular Physics, (2008), DOI 10.1080/00268970802018367.
[6] - Pekka Pyykkö: Year-2017 nuclear quadrupole moments. Molecular Physics, (2018), DOI 10.1080/00268976.2018.1426131.
[7] - N. J. Stone: Table of recommended nuclear magnetic dipole moments. IAEA, (2019).
Weitere Quellen:
[8] - Isotopenhäufigkeiten, Atommassen und Isotopenmassen: Siehe unter dem jeweiligen Stichwort.
Kategorie: Chemische Elemente
Letzte Änderung am 22.12.2022.
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