Unter Cadmium-Isotope werden alle Atomkerne des chemischen Elements Cadmium zusammengefasst; diese bestehen allesamt aus einem Atomkern mit 48 Protonen und im ungeladenen Zustand aus 48 Elektronen. Der Unterschied zwischen den einzelnen Cadmium-Isotopen beruht auf der Anzahl der Neutronen im Kern.
Natürlich auftretende Cadmium-Isotope
Die natürlichen irdischen Cadmium-Vorkommen setzen sich aus insgesamt 8 verschiedenen Isotopen zusammen, von denen sechs als stabil gelten und zwei mit sehr langen Halbwertszeiten langsam zerfallen:
Atommasse Ar | Anteil | Halbwertszeit | Spin | |
Cadmium Isotopengemisch | 112,414 u | 100 % | ||
Isotop 106Cd | 105,906460(8) u | 1,245(22) % | stabil | 0+ |
Isotop 108Cd | 107,904183(8) u | 0,888(11) % | stabil | 0+ |
Isotop 110Cd | 109,903007(4) u | 12,470(61) % | stabil | 0+ |
Isotop 111Cd | 110,904183(4) u | 12,795(12) % | stabil | 1/2+ |
Isotop 112Cd | 111,902763(4) u | 24,109(7) % | stabil | 0+ |
Isotop 113Cd | 112,904408(3) u | 12,227(7) % | 8,04(5) × 1015 Jahre | 1/2+ |
Isotop 114Cd | 113,903365(3) u | 28,754(81) % | stabil | 0+ |
Isotop 116Cd | 115,904763(2) u | 7,512(54) % | 3,3(4) × 1019 Jahre | 0+ |
Neben den natürlichen Isotopen sind 31 weitere Nuklide des Cadmiums bekannt.
Alle anderen bisher bekannten und charakterisierten Cadmium-Nuklide sind instabil; mit einer Halbwertszeit von 6,5 Millionen Jahren ist das Cadmiumisotop 107 hiervon das langlebigste Radioisotop.
Isotopentabelle: Cadmium
Isotop Nuklid | Z | A | N | Name | Atommasse [Kernmasse] {Massenüberschuss} | Spin I (h/2π) | μ | A-Nuk |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
94Cd | 48 | 94 | 46 | Cadmium-94 | 93,95691(54) u [93,9305796 u] {-40,13808 MeV} | 0+ | ||
95Cd | 48 | 95 | 47 | Cadmium-95 | ||||
96Cd | 48 | 96 | 48 | Cadmium-96 | 95,94034(43) u [95,9140096 u] {-55,57293 MeV} | 0+ | ||
97Cd | 48 | 97 | 49 | Cadmium-97 | 96,93510(32) u [96,9087696 u] {-60,45396 MeV} | (9/2+) | ||
98Cd | 48 | 98 | 50 | Cadmium-98 | 97,92739(6) u [97,9010596 u] {-67,63578 MeV} | 0+ | ||
99Cd | 48 | 99 | 51 | Cadmium-99 | 98,9249258(17) u [98,8985954 u] {-69,93117 MeV} | (5/2+) | ||
100Cd | 48 | 100 | 52 | Cadmium-100 | 99,9203488(18) u [99,8940184 u] {-74,19461 MeV} | 0+ | 100In 101Sn | |
101Cd | 48 | 101 | 53 | Cadmium-101 | 100,9185862(16) u [100,8922558 u] {-75,83647 MeV} | (5/2+) | -0,8970(4) | 101In |
102Cd | 48 | 102 | 54 | Cadmium-102 | 101,9144818(18) u [101,8881514 u] {-79,65969 MeV} | 0+ | 102In | |
103Cd | 48 | 103 | 55 | Cadmium-103 | 102,9134169(19) u [102,8870865 u] {-80,65164 MeV} | (5/2)+ | -0,8486(4) | 103In |
104Cd | 48 | 104 | 56 | Cadmium-104 | 103,9098562(18) u [103,8835258 u] {-83,96841 MeV} | 0+ | 104In | |
105Cd | 48 | 105 | 57 | Cadmium-105 | 104,9094639(15) u [104,8831335 u] {-84,33383 MeV} | 5/2+ | - 0,7382(4) | 105In |
106Cd | 48 | 106 | 58 | Cadmium-106 | 105,906460(8) u [105,8801296 u] {-87,13195 MeV} | 0+ | 106In 106Ag | |
107Cd | 48 | 107 | 59 | Cadmium-107 | 106,9066121(18) u [106,8802817 u] {-86,99027 MeV} | 5/2+ | -0,6141(3) | 107In |
108Cd | 48 | 108 | 60 | Cadmium-108 | 107,904183(8) u [107,8778526 u] {-89,25296 MeV} | 0+ | 108In 108Ag | |
109Cd | 48 | 109 | 61 | Cadmium-109 | 108,9049867(16) u [108,8786563 u] {-88,50432 MeV} | 5/2+ | -0,8266(4) | 109In |
109m1Cd | 48 | 109 | 61 | Cadmium-109m1 | 108,9049867(16) u [108,8786563 u] {-88,50432 MeV} | 1/2+ | ||
109m2Cd | 48 | 109 | 61 | Cadmium-109m2 | 108,9049867(16) u [108,8786563 u] {-88,50432 MeV} | 11/2- | -1,096(2) | |
110Cd | 48 | 110 | 62 | Cadmium-110 | 109,903007(4) u [109,8766766 u] {-90,3484 MeV} | 0+ | 110In 110Ag | |
111Cd | 48 | 111 | 63 | Cadmium-111 | 110,904183(4) u [110,8778526 u] {-89,25296 MeV} | 1/2+ | -0,5940(3) | 111In 111Ag |
111mCd | 48 | 111 | 63 | Cadmium-111m | 110,904183(4) u [110,8778526 u] {-89,25296 MeV} | 11/2- | -1,1051(4) | |
112Cd | 48 | 112 | 64 | Cadmium-112 | 111,902763(4) u [111,8764326 u] {-90,57568 MeV} | 0+ | 112In 112Ag | |
113Cd | 48 | 113 | 65 | Cadmium-113 | 112,904408(3) u [112,8780776 u] {-89,04337 MeV} | 1/2+ | -0,6213(3) | 113Ag |
113mCd | 48 | 113 | 65 | Cadmium-113m | 112,904408(3) u [112,8780776 u] {-89,04337 MeV} | 11/2- | -1,0883(3) | |
114Cd | 48 | 114 | 66 | Cadmium-114 | 113,903365(3) u [113,8770346 u] {-90,01492 MeV} | 0+ | 114Ag 114In | |
115Cd | 48 | 115 | 67 | Cadmium-115 | 114,9054374(7) u [114,879107 u] {-88,08449 MeV} | 1/2+ | -0,6483(2) | 115Ag |
115mCd | 48 | 115 | 67 | Cadmium-115m | 114,9054374(7) u [114,879107 u] {-88,08449 MeV} | (11/2)- | -1,0394(6) | |
115m+Cd | 48 | 115 | 67 | Cadmium-115m+ | ||||
116Cd | 48 | 116 | 68 | Cadmium-116 | 115,904763(2) u [115,8784326 u] {-88,71269 MeV} | 0+ | 116In 116Ag | |
117Cd | 48 | 117 | 69 | Cadmium-117 | 116,9072260(11) u [116,8808956 u] {-86,41842 MeV} | 1/2+ | -0,7425(4) | 117Ag |
117mCd | 48 | 117 | 69 | Cadmium-117m | 116,9072260(11) u [116,8808956 u] {-86,41842 MeV} | (11/2)- | -0,9961(5) | |
118Cd | 48 | 118 | 70 | Cadmium-118 | 117,906922(21) u [117,8805916 u] {-86,7016 MeV} | 0+ | 118Ag | |
119Cd | 48 | 119 | 71 | Cadmium-119 | 118,90985(4) u [118,8835196 u] {-83,97418 MeV} | 1/2+ | -0,9188(4) | 119Ag |
119mCd | 48 | 119 | 71 | Cadmium-119m | 118,90985(4) u [118,8835196 u] {-83,97418 MeV} | (11/2-) | -0,9628(5) | |
120Cd | 48 | 120 | 72 | Cadmium-120 | 119,909868(4) u [119,8835376 u] {-83,95742 MeV} | 0+ | 120Ag | |
121Cd | 48 | 121 | 73 | Cadmium-121 | 120,9129637(21) u [120,8866333 u] {-81,07379 MeV} | (3/2+) | +0,6260(7) | 121Ag |
121mCd | 48 | 121 | 73 | Cadmium-121m | 120,9129637(21) u [120,8866333 u] {-81,07379 MeV} | (11/2-) | -1,0085(6) | |
122Cd | 48 | 122 | 74 | Cadmium-122 | 121,9134591(25) u [121,8871287 u] {-80,61233 MeV} | 0+ | 122Ag 123Ag | |
123Cd | 48 | 123 | 75 | Cadmium-123 | 122,9168925(29) u [122,8905621 u] {-77,41414 MeV} | (3/2+) | +0,7885(7) | 123Ag 252Cf |
123mCd | 48 | 123 | 75 | Cadmium-123m | 122,9168925(29) u [122,8905621 u] {-77,41414 MeV} | (11/2-) | -1,0000(6) | |
124Cd | 48 | 124 | 76 | Cadmium-124 | 123,917657(3) u [123,8913266 u] {-76,70201 MeV} | 0+ | 124Ag 125Ag | |
125Cd | 48 | 125 | 77 | Cadmium-125 | 124,921258(3) u [124,8949276 u] {-73,3477 MeV} | (3/2+) | +0,8591(7) | |
125mCd | 48 | 125 | 77 | Cadmium-125m | 124,921258(3) u [124,8949276 u] {-73,3477 MeV} | (11/2-) | -0,9333(4) | |
126Cd | 48 | 126 | 78 | Cadmium-126 | 125,9224291(27) u [125,8960987 u] {-72,25683 MeV} | 0+ | 126Ag | |
127Cd | 48 | 127 | 79 | Cadmium-127 | 126,926197(13) u [126,8998666 u] {-68,74705 MeV} | (3/2+) | +0,8771(8) | |
128Cd | 48 | 128 | 80 | Cadmium-128 | 127,927813(8) u [127,9014826 u] {-67,24176 MeV} | 0+ | 128Ag | |
129Cd | 48 | 129 | 81 | Cadmium-129 | 128,932304(18) u [128,9059736 u] {-63,05842 MeV} | 11/2- | -0,7052(6) | |
130Cd | 48 | 130 | 82 | Cadmium-130 | 129,934388(24) u [129,9080576 u] {-61,11718 MeV} | 0+ | 130Ag | |
131Cd | 48 | 131 | 83 | Cadmium-131 | 130,94072(11) u [130,9143896 u] {-55,21896 MeV} | (7/2-) | ||
132Cd | 48 | 132 | 84 | Cadmium-132 | 131,94604(21) u [131,9197096 u] {-50,26342 MeV} | 0+ | ||
133Cd | 48 | 133 | 85 | Cadmium-133 | 132,95285(32) u [132,9265196 u] {-43,91994 MeV} | (7/2-) | ||
134Cd | 48 | 134 | 86 | Cadmium-134 | 133,95822(43) u [133,9318896 u] {-38,91782 MeV} | 0+ |
Isotop | Zerfall (radioaktiver Zerfall) | AE | Mehr | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Halbwertszeit | Zerfallsart | Anteil | Energie | Info | ||
1 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 |
Cd-94 | 760 ns | EE, p zu 94Ag EE, β+ zu 94Ag | ? ? | |||
Cd-95 | - ungelistet - | AL | ||||
Cd-96 | 1,03 s | EE/β+ zu 96Ag | 100 % | 8,94(41) MeV | AL | |
Cd-97 | 2,8(6) s | EE zu 97Ag EE, p zu 96Pd | < 100 % ? | 10,37(32) MeV | AL | |
Cd-98 | 9,2(3) s | EE/β+ zu 98Ag ε, p zu 97Pd | > 99,975 % < 0,025 % | 5,43(6) MeV | AL | |
Cd-99 | 16(3) s | EE/β+ zu 99Ag β+, p zu 98Pd β+, α zu 94Rh | 99,83 % 0,17 % 0,0004 % | 6,781(6) MeV | AL | |
Cd-100 | 49,1(5) s | EE/β+ zu 100Ag | 100 % | 3,943(5) MeV | AL | |
Cd-101 | 1,36(5) Minuten | EE/β+ zu 101Ag | 100 % | 5,498(5) MeV | AL | |
Cd-102 | 5,5(5) Minuten | EE/β+ zu 102Ag | 100 % | 2,587(8) MeV | AL | |
Cd-103 | 7,3(1) Minuten | EE/β+ zu 103Ag | 100 % | 4,1481 MeV | AL | |
Cd-104 | 57,7(10) Minuten | EE/β+ zu 104Ag | 100 % | 1,148(5) MeV | AL | |
Cd-105 | 55,5(4) Minuten | EE/β+ zu 105Ag | 100 % | 2,737(5) MeV | AL | |
Cd-106 | stabil | 2 β+ ? 106Pd | AL | |||
Cd-107 | 6,50(2) Stunden | EE/β+ zu 107Ag | 100 % | 1,4164(29) MeV | AL | |
Cd-108 | stabil | 2 β+ ? 108Pd | AL | |||
Cd-109 | 461,9(4) Tage | EE zu 109Ag | 100 % | 0,2151(20) MeV | AL | |
Cd-109m1 | 11,8(16) μs | Iso zu 109Cd | 100 % | 59,60(7) keV | ||
Cd-109m2 | 10,6(4) μs | Iso zu 109Cd | 100 % | 463,10(11) keV | ||
Cd-110 | stabil | AL | ||||
Cd-111 | stabil | AL | ||||
Cd-111m | 48,50(9) Minuten | Iso zu 111Cd | 100 % | 396,214(21) keV | ||
Cd-112 | stabil | AL | ||||
Cd-113 | 8,04(5) × 1015 Jahre | β- zu 113In | 100 % | 0,32383(26) MeV | AL | |
Cd-113m | 14,1(5) Jahre | β- zu 113In Iso zu 113Cd | 99,86 % 0,14 % | 263,54(3) keV | ||
Cd-114 | stabil | 2 β+ ? 114Sn | AL | |||
Cd-115 | 53,46(5) Stunden | β- zu 115In | 100 % | 1,4519(7) MeV | AL | |
Cd-115m | 44,56(24) Tage | β- zu 115In | 100 % | 181,0(5) keV | ||
Cd-115m+ | ||||||
Cd-116 | 3,3(4) × 1019 Jahre | 2 β- zu 116Sn | ? | AL | ||
Cd-117 | 2,49(4) Stunden | β- zu 117In | 100 % | 2,525(5) MeV | AL | |
Cd-117m | 3,36(5) Stunden | β- zu 117In | 100 % | 136,4(2) keV | ||
Cd-118 | 50,3(2) Minuten | β- zu 118In | 100 % | 0,527(21) MeV | AL | |
Cd-119 | 2,69(2) Minuten | β- zu 119In | 100 % | 3,72(4) MeV | AL | |
Cd-119m | 2,20(2) Minuten | β- zu 119In | 100 % | 146,54(11) keV | ||
Cd-120 | 50,80(21) s | β- zu 120In | 100 % | 1,77(4) MeV | AL | |
Cd-121 | 13,5(3) s | β- zu 121In | 100 % | 4,762(27) MeV | AL | |
Cd-121m | 8,3(8) s | β- zu 121In | 100 % | 214,86(15) keV | ||
Cd-122 | 5,24(3) s | β- zu 122In | 100 % | 2,96(5) MeV | AL | |
Cd-123 | 2,10(2) s | β- zu 123In | 100 % | 6,106(20) MeV | AL | |
Cd-123m | 1,82(3) s | β- zu 123In Iso zu 123Cd | ≤ 100 % ? | 316,53(23) keV | ||
Cd-124 | 1,25(2) s | β- zu 124In | 100 % | 4,17(3) MeV | AL | |
Cd-125 | 0,68(4) s | β- zu 125In | 100 % | 7,129(27) MeV | AL | |
Cd-125m | 0,48(3) s | β- zu 125In | 100 % | +x keV | ||
Cd-126 | 515(17) ms | β- zu 126In | 100 % | 5,516(27) MeV | AL | |
Cd-127 | 0,37(7) s | β- zu 127In | 100 % | 8,149(24) MeV | AL | |
Cd-128 | 0,28(4) s | β- zu 128In | 100 % | 6,90(15) MeV | AL | |
Cd-129 | 154(2) ms | β- zu 129In β-, n zu 128In | < 100 % > 0 % | 9,78(17) MeV 3,02(15) MeV | AL | |
Cd-130 | 162(7) ms | β- zu 130In β-, n zu 129In | 96,5(10) % 3,5(10) % | 8,77(4) MeV 3,649(23) MeV | AL | |
Cd-131 | 68(3) ms | β- zu 131In β-, n zu 130In | 96,5(10) % 3,5(10) % | 12,81(10) MeV 6,59(11) MeV | AL | |
Cd-132 | 84(5) ms | β- zu 132In β-, n zu 131In β-, 2n zu 130In | < 40 % 60(15) % ? | 12,15(20) MeV 9,69(20) MeV | AL | |
Cd-133 | 57(10) ms | β- zu 133In β-, n zu 132In β-, 2n zu 131In | ? ? ? | 13,54(36) MeV 10,42(30) MeV | AL | |
Cd-134 | 65 ms | β- zu 134In β-, n zu 133In β-, 2n zu 132In | 100 % ? ? | 12,74(50) MeV 10,47(44) MeV |
Erläuterungen zu den einzelnen Spalten:
1 - Symbol mit Nukleonenzahl.
2 - Z = Anzahl der Protonen (Ordnungszahl).
3 - Massenzahl A.
4 - N = Anzahl der Neutronen.
5 - Bezeichnung des Cadmium-Isotops; gegebenenfalls Trivialnamen.
6 - Relative Atommasse des Cadmium-Isotops (Isotopenmasse inklusive Elektronen) und in eckigen Klammern die Masse des Atomkerns (Kernmasse, Nuklidmasse ohne Elektronen), jeweils bezogen auf 12C = 12,00000 [2]. Zusätzlich ist der Massenüberschuss (Massenexzess) in MeV angegeben.
7 - Kernspin I, Einheit: h/2π.
8 - Kernmagnetisches Moment μmag.
9 - Ausgangsnuklide: Mögliche, angenommene oder tatsächliche Ausgangs-Nuklide (Mutternuklide, Elternnuklide). Die entsprechenden Zerfalls-Modi sind gegebenenfalls bei den Daten des jeweiligen Ausgangsnuklids zu finden.
10 - Zerfall: Halbwertszeiten des Cadmium-Isotops mit a = Jahre; ; d = Tage; h = Stunden; min = Minuten; s = Sekunden.
11 - Zerfall: Zerfallsart in die jeweiligen Tochternuklide mit n = Neutronenemission; p = Protonenemission; α = Alpha-Zerfall; ß- = Beta-Minus-Zerfall unter Elektronenemission; EE = Elektroneneinfang; ß+ = Positronenemission; ε = ß+ und/oder EE; Iso = Isomerieübergang; CZ = Cluster-Zerfall; SZ = Spontanzerfall.
12 - Zerfall: Zerfallsanteil in Prozent (%).
13 - Zerfall: Zerfallsenergie; Partikelenergie bezogen auf Zerfallsart.
14 - AE = Anregungsenergie für metastabile Kerne.
15 - Sonstige Informationen und Hinweise: AL = Weitere Niveaus, so genannte Adopted Levels (Verlinkung auf externe Daten [1]).
Sonstige:
()- Eingeklammerte Ziffern: Unsicherheit zur Darstellung der Streubreite des angegebenen Wertes.
~ - Theoretische Werte oder systematische Trends.
- ungelistet-: Nuklide, die in der Literatur bereits erwänhnt wurden, aber aus irgendwelchen Gründen in den aktuellen Nuklidtabellen nicht mehr zu finden sind, weil sich deren Entdeckung z. B. nicht bestätigt hat.
NMR-aktive Cadmium-Nuklide
Nuklid Anteil Spin I | Kernmagnetisches Moment μ/μN | Gyromagnetisches Verhältnis 107 rad T-1 s-1 | Quadrupol- Moment Q [barn] | Resonanz- Frequenz v0 bei 1 T | Relative Empfindlichkeit H0 = const. v0 = const. * |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
111Cd 12,795(12) % 1/2+ | -0,5940(3) | 5,7046 | 9,0692 | 0,00966 0,2130 | |
113Cd 12,227(7) % 1/2+ | -0,6213(3) | 5,9609 | 9,4871 | 0,01106 0,2228 |
*) bezogen auf 1H = 1,000
Strahlenschutz
Für den Umgang mit den Cadmium-Radionukliden gelten gemäß Strahlenschutzverordnung (StrlSchV 2018) unter anderem folgende Werte (Spalten 1 bis 7):
Nuklid | Freigrenzen | HRQ-Schwelle | OFK | Tochternuklide | Halbwertszeit | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cd-104+ | 107 Bq | 100 Bq/g | 57,7 Minuten | |||
Cd-107+ | 107 Bq | 1000 Bq/g | 6,5 Stunden | |||
Cd-109+ | 106 Bq | 1 Bq/g | 20 TBq | 100 Bq cm-2 | Ag-109m | 462,6 Tage |
Cd-113 | 106 Bq | 0,1 Bq/g | 7,7 × 1015 Jahre | |||
Cd-113m | 106 Bq | 0,1 Bq/g | 40 TBq | 14,6 Jahre | ||
Cd-115+ | 106 Bq | 10 Bq/g | 0,2 TBq | 10 Bq cm-2 | 53,5 Stunden | |
Cd-115m+ | 106 Bq | 100 Bq/g | 3 TBq | 100 Bq cm-2 | 44,6 Tage | |
Cd-117+ | 106 Bq | 10 Bq/g | 2,5 Stunden | |||
Cd-117m | 106 Bq | 10 Bq/g | 3,4 Stunden |
(HRQ = Hochradioaktive Quellen; OFK = Oberflächenkontamination)
Kernisobare Nuklide des Cadmiums
Zu den Cadmium-Nukliden isobare Atomkerne befinden sich in der jeweiligen Tabellenzeile; Z = Ordnungszahl; A = Nukleonenzahl (Massenzahl).
Z: | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 41 | 42 | 43 | 44 | 45 | 46 | 47 | 48 | 49 | 50 | 51 | 52 | 53 | 54 | 55 | 56 | 57 | 58 | 59 | 60 | 61 | 62 | 63 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | Br | Kr | Rb | Sr | Y | Zr | Nb | Mo | Tc | Ru | Rh | Pd | Ag | Cd | In | Sn | Sb | Te | I | Xe | Cs | Ba | La | Ce | Pr | Nd | Pm | Sm | Eu |
95 | 95Br | 95Kr | 95Rb | 95Sr | 95Y | 95Zr | 95Nb | 95Mo | 95Tc | 95Ru | 95Rh | 95Pd | 95Ag | 95Cd | |||||||||||||||
96 | 96Br | 96Kr | 96Rb | 96Sr | 96Y | 96Zr | 96Nb | 96Mo | 96Tc | 96Ru | 96Rh | 96Pd | 96Ag | 96Cd | |||||||||||||||
97 | 97Br | 97Kr | 97Rb | 97Sr | 97Y | 97Zr | 97Nb | 97Mo | 97Tc | 97Ru | 97Rh | 97Pd | 97Ag | 97Cd | 97In | ||||||||||||||
98 | 98Br | 98Kr | 98Rb | 98Sr | 98Y | 98Zr | 98Nb | 98Mo | 98Tc | 98Ru | 98Rh | 98Pd | 98Ag | 98Cd | 98In | ||||||||||||||
99 | 99Kr | 99Rb | 99Sr | 99Y | 99Zr | 99Nb | 99Mo | 99Tc | 99Ru | 99Rh | 99Pd | 99Ag | 99Cd | 99In | 99Sn | ||||||||||||||
100 | 100Kr | 100Rb | 100Sr | 100Y | 100Zr | 100Nb | 100Mo | 100Tc | 100Ru | 100Rh | 100Pd | 100Ag | 100Cd | 100In | 100Sn | ||||||||||||||
101 | 101Kr | 101Rb | 101Sr | 101Y | 101Zr | 101Nb | 101Mo | 101Tc | 101Ru | 101Rh | 101Pd | 101Ag | 101Cd | 101In | 101Sn | ||||||||||||||
102 | 102Rb | 102Sr | 102Y | 102Zr | 102Nb | 102Mo | 102Tc | 102Ru | 102Rh | 102Pd | 102Ag | 102Cd | 102In | 102Sn | |||||||||||||||
103 | 103Sr | 103Y | 103Zr | 103Nb | 103Mo | 103Tc | 103Ru | 103Rh | 103Pd | 103Ag | 103Cd | 103In | 103Sn | 103Sb | |||||||||||||||
104 | 104Sr | 104Y | 104Zr | 104Nb | 104Mo | 104Tc | 104Ru | 104Rh | 104Pd | 104Ag | 104Cd | 104In | 104Sn | 104Sb | |||||||||||||||
105 | 105Sr | 105Y | 105Zr | 105Nb | 105Mo | 105Tc | 105Ru | 105Rh | 105Pd | 105Ag | 105Cd | 105In | 105Sn | 105Sb | 105Te | ||||||||||||||
106 | 106Sr | 106Y | 106Zr | 106Nb | 106Mo | 106Tc | 106Ru | 106Rh | 106Pd | 106Ag | 106Cd | 106In | 106Sn | 106Sb | 106Te | ||||||||||||||
107 | 107Sr | 107Y | 107Zr | 107Nb | 107Mo | 107Tc | 107Ru | 107Rh | 107Pd | 107Ag | 107Cd | 107In | 107Sn | 107Sb | 107Te | ||||||||||||||
108 | 108Y | 108Zr | 108Nb | 108Mo | 108Tc | 108Ru | 108Rh | 108Pd | 108Ag | 108Cd | 108In | 108Sn | 108Sb | 108Te | 108I | ||||||||||||||
109 | 109Y | 109Zr | 109Nb | 109Mo | 109Tc | 109Ru | 109Rh | 109Pd | 109Ag | 109Cd | 109In | 109Sn | 109Sb | 109Te | 109I | 109Xe | |||||||||||||
110 | 110Zr | 110Nb | 110Mo | 110Tc | 110Ru | 110Rh | 110Pd | 110Ag | 110Cd | 110In | 110Sn | 110Sb | 110Te | 110I | 110Xe | ||||||||||||||
111 | 111Zr | 111Nb | 111Mo | 111Tc | 111Ru | 111Rh | 111Pd | 111Ag | 111Cd | 111In | 111Sn | 111Sb | 111Te | 111I | 111Xe | ||||||||||||||
112 | 112Zr | 112Nb | 112Mo | 112Tc | 112Ru | 112Rh | 112Pd | 112Ag | 112Cd | 112In | 112Sn | 112Sb | 112Te | 112I | 112Xe | 112Cs | |||||||||||||
113 | 113Nb | 113Mo | 113Tc | 113Ru | 113Rh | 113Pd | 113Ag | 113Cd | 113In | 113Sn | 113Sb | 113Te | 113I | 113Xe | 113Cs | ||||||||||||||
114 | 114Nb | 114Mo | 114Tc | 114Ru | 114Rh | 114Pd | 114Ag | 114Cd | 114In | 114Sn | 114Sb | 114Te | 114I | 114Xe | 114Cs | 114Ba | |||||||||||||
115 | 115Nb | 115Mo | 115Tc | 115Ru | 115Rh | 115Pd | 115Ag | 115Cd | 115In | 115Sn | 115Sb | 115Te | 115I | 115Xe | 115Cs | 115Ba | |||||||||||||
116 | 116Mo | 116Tc | 116Ru | 116Rh | 116Pd | 116Ag | 116Cd | 116In | 116Sn | 116Sb | 116Te | 116I | 116Xe | 116Cs | 116Ba | 116La | |||||||||||||
117 | 117Mo | 117Tc | 117Ru | 117Rh | 117Pd | 117Ag | 117Cd | 117In | 117Sn | 117Sb | 117Te | 117I | 117Xe | 117Cs | 117Ba | 117La | |||||||||||||
118 | 118Tc | 118Ru | 118Rh | 118Pd | 118Ag | 118Cd | 118In | 118Sn | 118Sb | 118Te | 118I | 118Xe | 118Cs | 118Ba | 118La | ||||||||||||||
119 | 119Tc | 119Ru | 119Rh | 119Pd | 119Ag | 119Cd | 119In | 119Sn | 119Sb | 119Te | 119I | 119Xe | 119Cs | 119Ba | 119La | 119Ce | |||||||||||||
120 | 120Tc | 120Ru | 120Rh | 120Pd | 120Ag | 120Cd | 120In | 120Sn | 120Sb | 120Te | 120I | 120Xe | 120Cs | 120Ba | 120La | 120Ce | |||||||||||||
121 | 121Ru | 121Rh | 121Pd | 121Ag | 121Cd | 121In | 121Sn | 121Sb | 121Te | 121I | 121Xe | 121Cs | 121Ba | 121La | 121Ce | 121Pr | |||||||||||||
122 | 122Ru | 122Rh | 122Pd | 122Ag | 122Cd | 122In | 122Sn | 122Sb | 122Te | 122I | 122Xe | 122Cs | 122Ba | 122La | 122Ce | 122Pr | |||||||||||||
123 | 123Ru | 123Rh | 123Pd | 123Ag | 123Cd | 123In | 123Sn | 123Sb | 123Te | 123I | 123Xe | 123Cs | 123Ba | 123La | 123Ce | 123Pr | |||||||||||||
124 | 124Ru | 124Rh | 124Pd | 124Ag | 124Cd | 124In | 124Sn | 124Sb | 124Te | 124I | 124Xe | 124Cs | 124Ba | 124La | 124Ce | 124Pr | 124Nd | ||||||||||||
125 | 125Rh | 125Pd | 125Ag | 125Cd | 125In | 125Sn | 125Sb | 125Te | 125I | 125Xe | 125Cs | 125Ba | 125La | 125Ce | 125Pr | 125Nd | |||||||||||||
126 | 126Rh | 126Pd | 126Ag | 126Cd | 126In | 126Sn | 126Sb | 126Te | 126I | 126Xe | 126Cs | 126Ba | 126La | 126Ce | 126Pr | 126Nd | 126Pm | ||||||||||||
127 | 127Pd | 127Ag | 127Cd | 127In | 127Sn | 127Sb | 127Te | 127I | 127Xe | 127Cs | 127Ba | 127La | 127Ce | 127Pr | 127Nd | 127Pm | |||||||||||||
128 | 128Pd | 128Ag | 128Cd | 128In | 128Sn | 128Sb | 128Te | 128I | 128Xe | 128Cs | 128Ba | 128La | 128Ce | 128Pr | 128Nd | 128Pm | 128Sm | ||||||||||||
129 | 129Ag | 129Cd | 129In | 129Sn | 129Sb | 129Te | 129I | 129Xe | 129Cs | 129Ba | 129La | 129Ce | 129Pr | 129Nd | 129Pm | 129Sm | |||||||||||||
130 | 130Ag | 130Cd | 130In | 130Sn | 130Sb | 130Te | 130I | 130Xe | 130Cs | 130Ba | 130La | 130Ce | 130Pr | 130Nd | 130Pm | 130Sm | 130Eu | ||||||||||||
131 | 131Cd | 131In | 131Sn | 131Sb | 131Te | 131I | 131Xe | 131Cs | 131Ba | 131La | 131Ce | 131Pr | 131Nd | 131Pm | 131Sm | 131Eu | |||||||||||||
132 | 132Cd | 132In | 132Sn | 132Sb | 132Te | 132I | 132Xe | 132Cs | 132Ba | 132La | 132Ce | 132Pr | 132Nd | 132Pm | 132Sm | 132Eu | |||||||||||||
133 | 133Cd | 133In | 133Sn | 133Sb | 133Te | 133I | 133Xe | 133Cs | 133Ba | 133La | 133Ce | 133Pr | 133Nd | 133Pm | 133Sm | 133Eu |
Kernisotone Nuklide des Cadmiums
Die zu den Cadmium-Kernen isotonen Nuklide befinden sich in der jeweiligen Tabellenzeile; N = Anzahl der Neutronen.
47 | 48 | 49 | 50 | 51 | 52 | 53 | 54 | 55 | 56 | 57 | 58 | 59 | 60 | 61 | 62 | 63 | 64 | 65 | 66 | 67 | 68 | 69 | 70 | 71 | 72 | 73 | 74 | 75 | 76 | 77 | 78 | 79 | 80 | 81 | 82 | 83 | 84 | 85 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
74Co | 75Co | 76Co | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
75Ni | 76Ni | 77Ni | 78Ni | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
76Cu | 77Cu | 78Cu | 79Cu | 80Cu | 81Cu | 82Cu | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
77Zn | 78Zn | 79Zn | 80Zn | 81Zn | 82Zn | 83Zn | 84Zn | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
78Ga | 79Ga | 80Ga | 81Ga | 82Ga | 83Ga | 84Ga | 85Ga | 86Ga | 87Ga | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
79Ge | 80Ge | 81Ge | 82Ge | 83Ge | 84Ge | 85Ge | 86Ge | 87Ge | 88Ge | 89Ge | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
80As | 81As | 82As | 83As | 84As | 85As | 86As | 87As | 88As | 89As | 90As | 91As | 92As | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
81Se | 82Se | 83Se | 84Se | 85Se | 86Se | 87Se | 88Se | 89Se | 90Se | 91Se | 92Se | 93Se | 94Se | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
82Br | 83Br | 84Br | 85Br | 86Br | 87Br | 88Br | 89Br | 90Br | 91Br | 92Br | 93Br | 94Br | 95Br | 96Br | 97Br | 98Br | ||||||||||||||||||||||
83Kr | 84Kr | 85Kr | 86Kr | 87Kr | 88Kr | 89Kr | 90Kr | 91Kr | 92Kr | 93Kr | 94Kr | 95Kr | 96Kr | 97Kr | 98Kr | 99Kr | 100Kr | 101Kr | ||||||||||||||||||||
84Rb | 85Rb | 86Rb | 87Rb | 88Rb | 89Rb | 90Rb | 91Rb | 92Rb | 93Rb | 94Rb | 95Rb | 96Rb | 97Rb | 98Rb | 99Rb | 100Rb | 101Rb | 102Rb | ||||||||||||||||||||
85Sr | 86Sr | 87Sr | 88Sr | 89Sr | 90Sr | 91Sr | 92Sr | 93Sr | 94Sr | 95Sr | 96Sr | 97Sr | 98Sr | 99Sr | 100Sr | 101Sr | 102Sr | 103Sr | 104Sr | 105Sr | 106Sr | 107Sr | ||||||||||||||||
86Y | 87Y | 88Y | 89Y | 90Y | 91Y | 92Y | 93Y | 94Y | 95Y | 96Y | 97Y | 98Y | 99Y | 100Y | 101Y | 102Y | 103Y | 104Y | 105Y | 106Y | 107Y | 108Y | 109Y | |||||||||||||||
87Zr | 88Zr | 89Zr | 90Zr | 91Zr | 92Zr | 93Zr | 94Zr | 95Zr | 96Zr | 97Zr | 98Zr | 99Zr | 100Zr | 101Zr | 102Zr | 103Zr | 104Zr | 105Zr | 106Zr | 107Zr | 108Zr | 109Zr | 110Zr | 111Zr | 112Zr | |||||||||||||
88Nb | 89Nb | 90Nb | 91Nb | 92Nb | 93Nb | 94Nb | 95Nb | 96Nb | 97Nb | 98Nb | 99Nb | 100Nb | 101Nb | 102Nb | 103Nb | 104Nb | 105Nb | 106Nb | 107Nb | 108Nb | 109Nb | 110Nb | 111Nb | 112Nb | 113Nb | 114Nb | 115Nb | |||||||||||
89Mo | 90Mo | 91Mo | 92Mo | 93Mo | 94Mo | 95Mo | 96Mo | 97Mo | 98Mo | 99Mo | 100Mo | 101Mo | 102Mo | 103Mo | 104Mo | 105Mo | 106Mo | 107Mo | 108Mo | 109Mo | 110Mo | 111Mo | 112Mo | 113Mo | 114Mo | 115Mo | 116Mo | 117Mo | ||||||||||
90Tc | 91Tc | 92Tc | 93Tc | 94Tc | 95Tc | 96Tc | 97Tc | 98Tc | 99Tc | 100Tc | 101Tc | 102Tc | 103Tc | 104Tc | 105Tc | 106Tc | 107Tc | 108Tc | 109Tc | 110Tc | 111Tc | 112Tc | 113Tc | 114Tc | 115Tc | 116Tc | 117Tc | 118Tc | 119Tc | 120Tc | ||||||||
91Ru | 92Ru | 93Ru | 94Ru | 95Ru | 96Ru | 97Ru | 98Ru | 99Ru | 100Ru | 101Ru | 102Ru | 103Ru | 104Ru | 105Ru | 106Ru | 107Ru | 108Ru | 109Ru | 110Ru | 111Ru | 112Ru | 113Ru | 114Ru | 115Ru | 116Ru | 117Ru | 118Ru | 119Ru | 120Ru | 121Ru | 122Ru | 123Ru | 124Ru | |||||
92Rh | 93Rh | 94Rh | 95Rh | 96Rh | 97Rh | 98Rh | 99Rh | 100Rh | 101Rh | 102Rh | 103Rh | 104Rh | 105Rh | 106Rh | 107Rh | 108Rh | 109Rh | 110Rh | 111Rh | 112Rh | 113Rh | 114Rh | 115Rh | 116Rh | 117Rh | 118Rh | 119Rh | 120Rh | 121Rh | 122Rh | 123Rh | 124Rh | 125Rh | 126Rh | ||||
93Pd | 94Pd | 95Pd | 96Pd | 97Pd | 98Pd | 99Pd | 100Pd | 101Pd | 102Pd | 103Pd | 104Pd | 105Pd | 106Pd | 107Pd | 108Pd | 109Pd | 110Pd | 111Pd | 112Pd | 113Pd | 114Pd | 115Pd | 116Pd | 117Pd | 118Pd | 119Pd | 120Pd | 121Pd | 122Pd | 123Pd | 124Pd | 125Pd | 126Pd | 127Pd | 128Pd | |||
94Ag | 95Ag | 96Ag | 97Ag | 98Ag | 99Ag | 100Ag | 101Ag | 102Ag | 103Ag | 104Ag | 105Ag | 106Ag | 107Ag | 108Ag | 109Ag | 110Ag | 111Ag | 112Ag | 113Ag | 114Ag | 115Ag | 116Ag | 117Ag | 118Ag | 119Ag | 120Ag | 121Ag | 122Ag | 123Ag | 124Ag | 125Ag | 126Ag | 127Ag | 128Ag | 129Ag | 130Ag | ||
95Cd | 96Cd | 97Cd | 98Cd | 99Cd | 100Cd | 101Cd | 102Cd | 103Cd | 104Cd | 105Cd | 106Cd | 107Cd | 108Cd | 109Cd | 110Cd | 111Cd | 112Cd | 113Cd | 114Cd | 115Cd | 116Cd | 117Cd | 118Cd | 119Cd | 120Cd | 121Cd | 122Cd | 123Cd | 124Cd | 125Cd | 126Cd | 127Cd | 128Cd | 129Cd | 130Cd | 131Cd | 132Cd | 133Cd |
97In | 98In | 99In | 100In | 101In | 102In | 103In | 104In | 105In | 106In | 107In | 108In | 109In | 110In | 111In | 112In | 113In | 114In | 115In | 116In | 117In | 118In | 119In | 120In | 121In | 122In | 123In | 124In | 125In | 126In | 127In | 128In | 129In | 130In | 131In | 132In | 133In | 134In | |
99Sn | 100Sn | 101Sn | 102Sn | 103Sn | 104Sn | 105Sn | 106Sn | 107Sn | 108Sn | 109Sn | 110Sn | 111Sn | 112Sn | 113Sn | 114Sn | 115Sn | 116Sn | 117Sn | 118Sn | 119Sn | 120Sn | 121Sn | 122Sn | 123Sn | 124Sn | 125Sn | 126Sn | 127Sn | 128Sn | 129Sn | 130Sn | 131Sn | 132Sn | 133Sn | 134Sn | 135Sn | ||
103Sb | 104Sb | 105Sb | 106Sb | 107Sb | 108Sb | 109Sb | 110Sb | 111Sb | 112Sb | 113Sb | 114Sb | 115Sb | 116Sb | 117Sb | 118Sb | 119Sb | 120Sb | 121Sb | 122Sb | 123Sb | 124Sb | 125Sb | 126Sb | 127Sb | 128Sb | 129Sb | 130Sb | 131Sb | 132Sb | 133Sb | 134Sb | 135Sb | 136Sb | |||||
105Te | 106Te | 107Te | 108Te | 109Te | 110Te | 111Te | 112Te | 113Te | 114Te | 115Te | 116Te | 117Te | 118Te | 119Te | 120Te | 121Te | 122Te | 123Te | 124Te | 125Te | 126Te | 127Te | 128Te | 129Te | 130Te | 131Te | 132Te | 133Te | 134Te | 135Te | 136Te | 137Te | ||||||
108I | 109I | 110I | 111I | 112I | 113I | 114I | 115I | 116I | 117I | 118I | 119I | 120I | 121I | 122I | 123I | 124I | 125I | 126I | 127I | 128I | 129I | 130I | 131I | 132I | 133I | 134I | 135I | 136I | 137I | 138I | ||||||||
109Xe | 110Xe | 111Xe | 112Xe | 113Xe | 114Xe | 115Xe | 116Xe | 117Xe | 118Xe | 119Xe | 120Xe | 121Xe | 122Xe | 123Xe | 124Xe | 125Xe | 126Xe | 127Xe | 128Xe | 129Xe | 130Xe | 131Xe | 132Xe | 133Xe | 134Xe | 135Xe | 136Xe | 137Xe | 138Xe | 139Xe | ||||||||
112Cs | 113Cs | 114Cs | 115Cs | 116Cs | 117Cs | 118Cs | 119Cs | 120Cs | 121Cs | 122Cs | 123Cs | 124Cs | 125Cs | 126Cs | 127Cs | 128Cs | 129Cs | 130Cs | 131Cs | 132Cs | 133Cs | 134Cs | 135Cs | 136Cs | 137Cs | 138Cs | 139Cs | 140Cs | ||||||||||
114Ba | 115Ba | 116Ba | 117Ba | 118Ba | 119Ba | 120Ba | 121Ba | 122Ba | 123Ba | 124Ba | 125Ba | 126Ba | 127Ba | 128Ba | 129Ba | 130Ba | 131Ba | 132Ba | 133Ba | 134Ba | 135Ba | 136Ba | 137Ba | 138Ba | 139Ba | 140Ba | 141Ba | |||||||||||
116La | 117La | 118La | 119La | 120La | 121La | 122La | 123La | 124La | 125La | 126La | 127La | 128La | 129La | 130La | 131La | 132La | 133La | 134La | 135La | 136La | 137La | 138La | 139La | 140La | 141La | 142La | ||||||||||||
119Ce | 120Ce | 121Ce | 122Ce | 123Ce | 124Ce | 125Ce | 126Ce | 127Ce | 128Ce | 129Ce | 130Ce | 131Ce | 132Ce | 133Ce | 134Ce | 135Ce | 136Ce | 137Ce | 138Ce | 139Ce | 140Ce | 141Ce | 142Ce | 143Ce | ||||||||||||||
121Pr | 122Pr | 123Pr | 124Pr | 125Pr | 126Pr | 127Pr | 128Pr | 129Pr | 130Pr | 131Pr | 132Pr | 133Pr | 134Pr | 135Pr | 136Pr | 137Pr | 138Pr | 139Pr | 140Pr | 141Pr | 142Pr | 143Pr | 144Pr | |||||||||||||||
124Nd | 125Nd | 126Nd | 127Nd | 128Nd | 129Nd | 130Nd | 131Nd | 132Nd | 133Nd | 134Nd | 135Nd | 136Nd | 137Nd | 138Nd | 139Nd | 140Nd | 141Nd | 142Nd | 143Nd | 144Nd | 145Nd | |||||||||||||||||
126Pm | 127Pm | 128Pm | 129Pm | 130Pm | 131Pm | 132Pm | 133Pm | 134Pm | 135Pm | 136Pm | 137Pm | 138Pm | 139Pm | 140Pm | 141Pm | 142Pm | 143Pm | 144Pm | 145Pm | 146Pm | ||||||||||||||||||
128Sm | 129Sm | 130Sm | 131Sm | 132Sm | 133Sm | 134Sm | 135Sm | 136Sm | 137Sm | 138Sm | 139Sm | 140Sm | 141Sm | 142Sm | 143Sm | 144Sm | 145Sm | 146Sm | 147Sm | |||||||||||||||||||
130Eu | 131Eu | 132Eu | 133Eu | 134Eu | 135Eu | 136Eu | 137Eu | 138Eu | 139Eu | 140Eu | 141Eu | 142Eu | 143Eu | 144Eu | 145Eu | 146Eu | 147Eu | 148Eu | ||||||||||||||||||||
134Gd | 135Gd | 136Gd | 137Gd | 138Gd | 139Gd | 140Gd | 141Gd | 142Gd | 143Gd | 144Gd | 145Gd | 146Gd | 147Gd | 148Gd | 149Gd | |||||||||||||||||||||||
135Tb | 136Tb | 137Tb | 138Tb | 139Tb | 140Tb | 141Tb | 142Tb | 143Tb | 144Tb | 145Tb | 146Tb | 147Tb | 148Tb | 149Tb | 150Tb | |||||||||||||||||||||||
138Dy | 139Dy | 140Dy | 141Dy | 142Dy | 143Dy | 144Dy | 145Dy | 146Dy | 147Dy | 148Dy | 149Dy | 150Dy | 151Dy | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
140Ho | 141Ho | 142Ho | 143Ho | 144Ho | 145Ho | 146Ho | 147Ho | 148Ho | 149Ho | 150Ho | 151Ho | 152Ho | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
143Er | 144Er | 145Er | 146Er | 147Er | 148Er | 149Er | 150Er | 151Er | 152Er | 153Er | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
144Tm | 145Tm | 146Tm | 147Tm | 148Tm | 149Tm | 150Tm | 151Tm | 152Tm | 153Tm | 154Tm | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
148Yb | 149Yb | 150Yb | 151Yb | 152Yb | 153Yb | 154Yb | 155Yb | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
150Lu | 151Lu | 152Lu | 153Lu | 154Lu | 155Lu | 156Lu | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
153Hf | 154Hf | 155Hf | 156Hf | 157Hf | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
155Ta | 156Ta | 157Ta | 158Ta | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
158W | 159W | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
159Re | 160Re | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
161Os |
Literatur und Hinweise
Eigenschaften der Cadmium-Isotope
[1] - NuDat: National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, based on ENSDF and the Nuclear Wallet Cards.
[2] - G. Audi et. al.: The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties. Nuclear Physics, (2003), DOI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001.
[3] - Live Chart of Nuclides. Nuclear structure and decay data.
Cadmium: Kernmagnetische Eigenschaften - 111Cd-NMR, 113Cd-NMR
[4] - N. J. Stone: Table of nuclear magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments. Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables, (2005), DOI 10.1016/j.adt.2005.04.001.
[5] - Pekka Pyykkö: Year-2008 nuclear quadrupole moments. Molecular Physics, (2008), DOI 10.1080/00268970802018367.
[6] - Pekka Pyykkö: Year-2017 nuclear quadrupole moments. Molecular Physics, (2018), DOI 10.1080/00268976.2018.1426131.
[7] - N. J. Stone: Table of recommended nuclear magnetic dipole moments. IAEA, (2019).
Weitere Quellen:
[8] - Isotopenhäufigkeiten, Atommassen und Isotopenmassen: Siehe unter dem jeweiligen Stichwort.
[9] - S. Ripperger, M. Rehkämper:
Precise determination of cadmium isotope fractionation in seawater by double spike MC-ICPMS.
In: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, (2007), DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2006.10.005.
[10] - S. Ripperger, M. Rehkämper, D. Porcelli, A. N. Halliday:
Cadmium isotope fractionation in seawater - A signature of biological activity.
In: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, (2007), DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2007.07.034.
[11] - Zichen Xue, Mark Rehkämper, Maria Schönbächler, Peter J. Statham, Barry J. Coles:
A new methodology for precise cadmium isotope analyses of seawater.
In: Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, (2012), DOI 10.1007/s00216-011-5487-0.
[12] - Wafa Abouchami et al.:
A Common Reference Material for Cadmium Isotope Studies - NIST SRM 3108.
In: Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research, (2012), DOI 10.1111/j.1751-908X.2012.00175.x.
[13] - NN:
Masse des Cadmiumisotops Cd-132 bestimmt.
In: Internetchemie News, (2020), DOI https://www.internetchemie.info/news/2020/mar20/masse%20des%20cadmiumisotops%20cd-132%20bestimmt.php.
Kategorie: Chemische Elemente
Letzte Änderung am 12.12.2022.
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