Unter Ruthenium-Isotope werden alle Atomkerne des chemischen Elements Ruthenium zusammengefasst; diese bestehen allesamt aus einem Atomkern mit 44 Protonen und im ungeladenen Zustand aus 44 Elektronen. Der Unterschied zwischen den einzelnen Ruthenium-Isotopen beruht auf der Anzahl der Neutronen im Kern.
Natürlich auftretende Ruthenium-Isotope
Natürliche Ruthenium-Vorkommen bestehen aus einem Gemisch aus sieben verschiedenen, stabilen Isotopen:
Atommasse Ar | Anteil | Halbwertszeit | Spin | |
Ruthenium Isotopengemisch | 101,07 u | 100 % | ||
Isotop 96Ru | 95,907590(3) u | 5,54(14) % | stabil | 0+ |
Isotop 98Ru | 97,90529(5) u | 1,87(3) % | stabil | 0+ |
Isotop 99Ru | 98,905934(7) u | 12,76(14) % | stabil | 5/2+ |
Isotop 100Ru | 99,904214(7) u | 12,60(7) % | stabil | 0+ |
Isotop 101Ru | 100,905577(8) u | 17,06(2) % | stabil | 5/2+ |
Isotop 102Ru | 101,904344(8) u | 31,55(14) % | stabil | 0+ |
Isotop 104Ru | 103,90543(2) u | 18,62(27) % | stabil | 0+ |
Alle anderen bisher bekannten und charakterisierten Ruthenium-Nuklide sind instabil und besitzen keinerlei Bedeutung für technische Anwendungen.
Isotopentabelle: Ruthenium
Isotop Nuklid | Z | A | N | Name | Atommasse [Kernmasse] {Massenüberschuss} | Spin I (h/2π) | μ | A-Nuk |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
85Ru | 44 | 85 | 41 | Ruthenium-85 | 84,96677(54) u [84,9426337 u] {-30,95355 MeV} | |||
86Ru | 44 | 86 | 42 | Ruthenium-86 | 85,95730(43) u [85,9331637 u] {-39,77479 MeV} | 0+ | ||
87Ru | 44 | 87 | 43 | Ruthenium-87 | 86,94918(64) u [86,9250437 u] {-47,33853 MeV} | |||
88Ru | 44 | 88 | 44 | Ruthenium-88 | 87,94166(32) u [87,9175237 u] {-54,34336 MeV} | 0+ | ||
89Ru | 44 | 89 | 45 | Ruthenium-89 | 88,93745(32) u [88,9133137 u] {-58,26495 MeV} | (9/2+) | ||
90Ru | 44 | 90 | 46 | Ruthenium-90 | 89,930344(4) u [89,9062077 u] {-64,88415 MeV} | 0+ | ||
91Ru | 44 | 91 | 47 | Ruthenium-91 | 90,9267415(24) u [90,9026052 u] {-68,23985 MeV} | (9/2+) | ||
91mRu | 44 | 91 | 47 | Ruthenium-91m | 90,9267415(24) u [90,9026052 u] {-68,23985 MeV} | (1/2-) | ||
92Ru | 44 | 92 | 48 | Ruthenium-92 | 91,9202344(24) u [91,8960981 u] {-74,30118 MeV} | 0+ | 92Rh 93Pd | |
93Ru | 44 | 93 | 49 | Ruthenium-93 | 92,9171044(22) u [92,8929681 u] {-77,21675 MeV} | (9/2)+ | ||
93m1Ru | 44 | 93 | 49 | Ruthenium-93m1 | 92,9171044(22) u [92,8929681 u] {-77,21675 MeV} | (1/2)- | ||
93m2Ru | 44 | 93 | 49 | Ruthenium-93m2 | 92,9171044(22) u [92,8929681 u] {-77,21675 MeV} | (21/2)+ | +8,970(21) | |
94Ru | 44 | 94 | 50 | Ruthenium-94 | 93,911343(3) u [93,8872067 u] {-82,58346 MeV} | 0+ | 94Rh 95Pd | |
94mRu | 44 | 94 | 50 | Ruthenium-94m | 93,911343(3) u [93,8872067 u] {-82,58346 MeV} | 8+ | ||
95Ru | 44 | 95 | 51 | Ruthenium-95 | 94,910404(10) u [94,8862677 u] {-83,45814 MeV} | 5/2+ | 0,861(7) | 95Rh |
96Ru | 44 | 96 | 52 | Ruthenium-96 | 95,907590(3) u [95,8834537 u] {-86,07936 MeV} | 0+ | 96Rh | |
97Ru | 44 | 97 | 53 | Ruthenium-97 | 96,907546(3) u [96,8834097 u] {-86,12035 MeV} | 5/2+ | (-) 0,787(8) | 97Rh |
98Ru | 44 | 98 | 54 | Ruthenium-98 | 97,90529(5) u [97,8811537 u] {-88,2218 MeV} | 0+ | 98Rh 98Tc | |
99Ru | 44 | 99 | 55 | Ruthenium-99 | 98,905934(7) u [98,8817977 u] {-87,62191 MeV} | 5/2+ | - 0,641(5) | 99Rh 99Tc |
100Ru | 44 | 100 | 56 | Ruthenium-100 | 99,904214(7) u [99,8800777 u] {-89,22408 MeV} | 0+ | 100Rh 100Tc 100Mo | |
101Ru | 44 | 101 | 57 | Ruthenium-101 | 100,905577(8) u [100,8814407 u] {-87,95446 MeV} | 5/2+ | - 0.718(6) | 101Rh 101Tc |
101mRu | 44 | 101 | 57 | Ruthenium-101m | 100,905577(8) u [100,8814407 u] {-87,95446 MeV} | 11/2- | ||
102Ru | 44 | 102 | 58 | Ruthenium-102 | 101,904344(8) u [101,8802077 u] {-89,10299 MeV} | 0+ | 102Rh 102Tc | |
103Ru | 44 | 103 | 59 | Ruthenium-103 | 102,9063148(5) u [102,8821785 u] {-87,2672 MeV} | 3/2+ | 0,206(3) | 103Tc |
103mRu | 44 | 103 | 59 | Ruthenium-103m | 102,9063148(5) u [102,8821785 u] {-87,2672 MeV} | 11/2- | ||
104Ru | 44 | 104 | 60 | Ruthenium-104 | 103,90543(2) u [103,8812937 u] {-88,09139 MeV} | 0+ | 104Rh 104Tc | |
105Ru | 44 | 105 | 61 | Ruthenium-105 | 104,9077455(27) u [104,8836092 u] {-85,93451 MeV} | 3/2+ | (-) 0,32 | 105Tc |
105mRu | 44 | 105 | 61 | Ruthenium-105m | 104,9077455(27) u [104,8836092 u] {-85,93451 MeV} | (5/2)+ | ||
106Ru | 44 | 106 | 62 | Ruthenium-106 | 105,907328(6) u [105,8831917 u] {-86,32341 MeV} | 0+ | 106Tc | |
107Ru | 44 | 107 | 63 | Ruthenium-107 | 106,909970(9) u [106,8858337 u] {-83,8624 MeV} | (5/2)+ | 107Tc | |
108Ru | 44 | 108 | 64 | Ruthenium-108 | 107,910186(9) u [107,8860497 u] {-83,6612 MeV} | 0+ | 108Tc 252Cf | |
109Ru | 44 | 109 | 65 | Ruthenium-109 | 108,913324(10) u [108,8891877 u] {-80,73817 MeV} | (5/2+) | 109Tc 252Cf | |
109mRu | 44 | 109 | 65 | Ruthenium-109m | 108,913324(10) u [108,8891877 u] {-80,73817 MeV} | (1/2+) | ||
110Ru | 44 | 110 | 66 | Ruthenium-110 | 109,914039(10) u [109,8899027 u] {-80,07216 MeV} | 0+ | 110Tc | |
111Ru | 44 | 111 | 67 | Ruthenium-111 | 110,917568(10) u [110,8934317 u] {-76,78491 MeV} | 5/2+ | 111Tc 252Cf 248Cm | |
112Ru | 44 | 112 | 68 | Ruthenium-112 | 111,918807(10) u [111,8946707 u] {-75,63079 MeV} | 0+ | 112Tc | |
113Ru | 44 | 113 | 69 | Ruthenium-113 | 112,92285(4) u [112,8987137 u] {-71,86476 MeV} | (1/2+) | 252Cf | |
113mRu | 44 | 113 | 69 | Ruthenium-113m | 112,92285(4) u [112,8987137 u] {-71,86476 MeV} | (7/2-) | ||
114Ru | 44 | 114 | 70 | Ruthenium-114 | 113,924614(4) u [113,9004777 u] {-70,22161 MeV} | 0+ | 248Cm | |
115Ru | 44 | 115 | 71 | Ruthenium-115 | 114,92894(10) u [114,9048037 u] {-66,19196 MeV} | (3/2+) | ||
116Ru | 44 | 116 | 72 | Ruthenium-116 | 115,931219(4) u [115,9070827 u] {-64,06909 MeV} | 0+ | ||
117Ru | 44 | 117 | 73 | Ruthenium-117 | 116,93613(46) u [116,9119937 u] {-59,49452 MeV} | |||
118Ru | 44 | 118 | 74 | Ruthenium-118 | 117,93853(21) u [117,9143937 u] {-57,25894 MeV} | 0+ | ||
119Ru | 44 | 119 | 75 | Ruthenium-119 | 118,94357(32) u [118,9194337 u] {-52,56421 MeV} | |||
120Ru | 44 | 120 | 76 | Ruthenium-120 | 119,94631(43) u [119,9221737 u] {-50,01191 MeV} | 0+ | ||
121Ru | 44 | 121 | 77 | Ruthenium-121 | 120,95164(43) u [120,9275037 u] {-45,04705 MeV} | |||
122Ru | 44 | 122 | 78 | Ruthenium-122 | 121,95475(54) u [121,9306137 u] {-42,1501 MeV} | 0+ | ||
123Ru | 44 | 123 | 79 | Ruthenium-123 | 122,96019(54) u [122,9360537 u] {-37,08278 MeV} | |||
124Ru | 44 | 124 | 80 | Ruthenium-124 | 123,96354(64) u [123,9394037 u] {-33,96227 MeV} | 0+ |
Isotop | Zerfall (radioaktiver Zerfall) | AE | Mehr | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Halbwertszeit | Zerfallsart | Anteil | Energie | Info | ||
1 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 |
Ru-85 | 450 ns | EE/β+ zu 85Tc EE, p zu 84Mo p zu 84Tc | ? ? ? | 14,9 MeV | ||
Ru-86 | 438 ns | EE/β+ zu 86Tc EE, p zu 85Mo | ? ? | 11,8 MeV | ||
Ru-87 | > 1,5 μs | EE/β+ zu 87Tc | AL | |||
Ru-88 | 1,2 s | EE/β+ zu 88Tc EE, p zu 87Mo | 100 % ? | 7,34(33) MeV | AL | |
Ru-89 | 1,5(2) s | EE/β+ zu 89Tc ε, p zu 88Mo | ca. 97 % ca. 3 % | 9,13(30) MeV | AL | |
Ru-90 | 11(3) s | EE/β+ zu 90Tc | 100 % | 5,841(4) MeV | AL | |
Ru-91 | 8,0(4) s | EE/β+ zu 91Tc | 100 % | 7,747(3) MeV | AL | |
Ru-91m | 7,6(8) s | EE/β+ zu 91Tc EE, p zu 90Mo Iso zu 91Ru | > 0 % > 0 % ? | +x keV | ||
Ru-92 | 3,65(5) Minuten | EE/β+ zu 92Tc | 100 % | 4,624(4) MeV | AL | |
Ru-93 | 59,7(6) s | EE/β+ zu 93Tc | 100 % | 6,3894(23) MeV | AL | |
Ru-93m1 | 10,8(3) s | EE/β+ zu 93Tc ε, p zu 92Mo Iso zu 93Ru | 78,0(23) % 0,027(5) % 22,0(23) % | 734,40(10) keV | ||
Ru-93m2 | 2,49(15) μs | 2085,5(9) keV | ||||
Ru-94 | 51,8(6) Minuten | EE zu 94Tc | 100 % | 1,575(5) MeV | AL | |
Ru-94m | 71(4) μ s | Iso zu 94Ru | 100 % | 2644,1(4) keV | ||
Ru-95 | 1,643(13) Stunden | EE/β+ zu 95Tc | 100 % | 2,564(11) MeV | AL | |
Ru-96 | stabil | AL | ||||
Ru-97 | 2,83(23) Tage | EE/β+ zu 97Tc | 100 % | 1,104(5) MeV | AL | |
Ru-98 | stabil | AL | ||||
Ru-99 | stabil | AL | ||||
Ru-100 | stabil | AL | ||||
Ru-101 | stabil | AL | ||||
Ru-101m | 17,5(4) μs | Iso zu 101Ru | 100 % | 527,56(10) keV | ||
Ru-102 | stabil | AL | ||||
Ru-103 | 39,247(13) Tage | β- zu 103Rh | 100 % | 0,7645(23) MeV | AL | |
Ru-103m | 1,69(7) ms | Iso zu 103Ru | 100 % | 238,2(7) keV | ||
Ru-104 | stabil | AL | ||||
Ru-105 | 4,44(2) Stunden | β- zu 105Rh | 100 % | 1,916(8) MeV | AL | |
Ru-105 | 340(15) ns | 20,610(13) keV | ||||
Ru-106 | 371,8(18) Tage | β- zu 106Rh | 100 % | 0,03940(21) MeV | AL | |
Ru-107 | 3,75(5) Minuten | β- zu 107Rh | 100 % | 3,001(15) MeV | AL | |
Ru-108 | 4,55(5) Minuten | β- zu 108Rh | 100 % | 1,370(16) MeV | AL | |
Ru-109 | 34,4(2) s | β- zu 109Rh | 100 % | 4,261(10) MeV | AL | |
Ru-109m | 0,50(12) μs | 68,75(12) keV | ||||
Ru-110 | 12,04(17) s | β- zu 110Rh | 100 % | 2,756(19) MeV | AL | |
Ru-111 | 2,12(7) s | β- zu 111Rh | 100 % | 5,519(12) MeV | AL | |
Ru-112 | 1,75(7) s | β- zu 112Rh | 100 % | 4,10(5) MeV | AL | |
Ru-113 | 0,80(5) s | β- zu 113Rh | 100 % | 6,90(4) MeV | AL | |
Ru-113m | 510(30) ms | β- zu 113Rh | ca. 100 % | 0 + X keV | ||
Ru-114 | 0,54(3) s | β- zu 114Rh | 100 % | 5,49(7) MeV | AL | |
Ru-115 | 318(19) ms | β- zu 115Rh β-, n zu 114Rh | 100 % ? | 8,04(9) MeV 1,45(11) MeV | AL | |
Ru-116 | 204(6) ms | β- zu 116Rh β-, n zu 115Rh | ? | 6,67(7) MeV 2,09(8) MeV | AL | |
Ru-117 | 151(3) ms | β- zu 117Rh β-, n zu 116Rh | 100 % ? | 9,41(43) MeV 3,17(44) MeV | AL | |
Ru-118 | 99(3) ms | β- zu 118Rh β-, n zu 117Rh | ? | 7,63(20) MeV 3,57(20) MeV | AL | |
Ru-119 | 69,5(20) ms | β- zu 119Rh β-, n zu β-, 2n zu | ? ? | 10,26(30) MeV 4,25(30) MeV | AL | |
Ru-120 | 42(2) ms | β- zu 120Rh β-, n zu 119Rh | 8,80(45) MeV 4,74(40) MeV | AL | ||
Ru-121 | 29(2) ms | β- zu 121Rh β-, n zu 120Rh β-, 2n zu 119Rh | ? ? | 11,20(74) MeV 5,70(45) MeV | AL | |
Ru-122 | 25(1) ms | β- zu 122Rh β-, n zu 121Rh β-, 2n zu | ? ? | 9,93(58) MeV 6,03(80) MeV | AL | |
Ru-123 | 19(2) ms | β- zu 123Rh β-, n zu 122Rh β-, 2n zu 121Rh | ? ? | 12,28(64) MeV 6,93(58) MeV | AL | |
Ru-124 | 15(3) ms | β- zu 124Rh β-, n zu 123Rh β-, 2n zu 122Rh | ? ? | 10,93(72) MeV 7,33(72) MeV | AL |
Erläuterungen zu den einzelnen Spalten:
1 - Symbol mit Nukleonenzahl.
2 - Z = Anzahl der Protonen (Ordnungszahl).
3 - Massenzahl A.
4 - N = Anzahl der Neutronen.
5 - Bezeichnung des Ruthenium-Isotops; gegebenenfalls Trivialnamen.
6 - Relative Atommasse des Ruthenium-Isotops (Isotopenmasse inklusive Elektronen) und in eckigen Klammern die Masse des Atomkerns (Kernmasse, Nuklidmasse ohne Elektronen), jeweils bezogen auf 12C = 12,00000 [2]. Zusätzlich ist der Massenüberschuss (Massenexzess) in MeV angegeben.
7 - Kernspin I, Einheit: h/2π.
8 - Kernmagnetisches Moment μmag.
9 - Ausgangsnuklide: Mögliche, angenommene oder tatsächliche Ausgangs-Nuklide (Mutternuklide, Elternnuklide). Die entsprechenden Zerfalls-Modi sind gegebenenfalls bei den Daten des jeweiligen Ausgangsnuklids zu finden.
10 - Zerfall: Halbwertszeiten des Ruthenium-Isotops mit a = Jahre; ; d = Tage; h = Stunden; min = Minuten; s = Sekunden.
11 - Zerfall: Zerfallsart in die jeweiligen Tochternuklide mit n = Neutronenemission; p = Protonenemission; α = Alpha-Zerfall; ß- = Beta-Minus-Zerfall unter Elektronenemission; EE = Elektroneneinfang; ß+ = Positronenemission; ε = ß+ und/oder EE; Iso = Isomerieübergang; CZ = Cluster-Zerfall; SZ = Spontanzerfall.
12 - Zerfall: Zerfallsanteil in Prozent (%).
13 - Zerfall: Zerfallsenergie; Partikelenergie bezogen auf Zerfallsart.
14 - AE = Anregungsenergie für metastabile Kerne.
15 - Sonstige Informationen und Hinweise: AL = Weitere Niveaus, so genannte Adopted Levels (Verlinkung auf externe Daten [1]).
Sonstige:
()- Eingeklammerte Ziffern: Unsicherheit zur Darstellung der Streubreite des angegebenen Wertes.
~ - Theoretische Werte oder systematische Trends.
- ungelistet-: Nuklide, die in der Literatur bereits erwänhnt wurden, aber aus irgendwelchen Gründen in den aktuellen Nuklidtabellen nicht mehr zu finden sind, weil sich deren Entdeckung z. B. nicht bestätigt hat.
NMR-aktive Ruthenium-Nuklide
Nuklid Anteil Spin I | Kernmagnetisches Moment μ/μN | Gyromagnetisches Verhältnis 107 rad T-1 s-1 | Quadrupol- Moment Q [barn] | Resonanz- Frequenz v0 bei 1 T | Relative Empfindlichkeit H0 = const. v0 = const. * |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
99Ru 12,76(14) % 5/2+ | - 0,641(5) | - 1,2286 | + 0,079(4) | 1,9553 | 0,00113 0,5358 |
101Ru 17,06(2) % 5/2+ | - 0.718(6) | - 1,3773 | + 0,457(23) | 2,1916 | 0,00159 0,6005 |
*) bezogen auf 1H = 1,000
Strahlenschutz
Für den Umgang mit den Ruthenium-Radionukliden gelten gemäß Strahlenschutzverordnung (StrlSchV 2018) unter anderem folgende Werte (Spalten 1 bis 7):
Nuklid | Freigrenzen | HRQ-Schwelle | OFK | Tochternuklide | Halbwertszeit | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ru-94 | 106 Bq | 100 Bq/g | 51,8 Minuten | |||
Ru-97 | 107 Bq | 10 Bq/g | 0,3 TBq | 10 Bq cm-2 | 2,9 Tage | |
Ru-103+ | 106 Bq | 1 Bq/g | 0,1 TBq | 10 Bq cm-2 | Rh-102m | 39,3 Tage |
Ru-105+ | 106 Bq | 10 Bq/g | 0,08 TBq | 1 Bq cm-2 | 4,4 Stunden | |
Ru-106+ | 105 Bq | 0,1 Bq/g | 0,3 TBq | 10 Bq cm-2 | Rh-106 | 372,6 Tage |
(HRQ = Hochradioaktive Quellen; OFK = Oberflächenkontamination)
Kernisobare Nuklide des Rutheniums
Zu den Ruthenium-Nukliden isobare Atomkerne befinden sich in der jeweiligen Tabellenzeile; Z = Ordnungszahl; A = Nukleonenzahl (Massenzahl).
Z: | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 41 | 42 | 43 | 44 | 45 | 46 | 47 | 48 | 49 | 50 | 51 | 52 | 53 | 54 | 55 | 56 | 57 | 58 | 59 | 60 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | Ga | Ge | As | Se | Br | Kr | Rb | Sr | Y | Zr | Nb | Mo | Tc | Ru | Rh | Pd | Ag | Cd | In | Sn | Sb | Te | I | Xe | Cs | Ba | La | Ce | Pr | Nd |
87 | 87Ga | 87Ge | 87As | 87Se | 87Br | 87Kr | 87Rb | 87Sr | 87Y | 87Zr | 87Nb | 87Mo | 87Tc | 87Ru | ||||||||||||||||
88 | 88Ge | 88As | 88Se | 88Br | 88Kr | 88Rb | 88Sr | 88Y | 88Zr | 88Nb | 88Mo | 88Tc | 88Ru | |||||||||||||||||
89 | 89Ge | 89As | 89Se | 89Br | 89Kr | 89Rb | 89Sr | 89Y | 89Zr | 89Nb | 89Mo | 89Tc | 89Ru | 89Rh | ||||||||||||||||
90 | 90As | 90Se | 90Br | 90Kr | 90Rb | 90Sr | 90Y | 90Zr | 90Nb | 90Mo | 90Tc | 90Ru | 90Rh | |||||||||||||||||
91 | 91As | 91Se | 91Br | 91Kr | 91Rb | 91Sr | 91Y | 91Zr | 91Nb | 91Mo | 91Tc | 91Ru | 91Rh | 91Pd | ||||||||||||||||
92 | 92As | 92Se | 92Br | 92Kr | 92Rb | 92Sr | 92Y | 92Zr | 92Nb | 92Mo | 92Tc | 92Ru | 92Rh | 92Pd | ||||||||||||||||
93 | 93Se | 93Br | 93Kr | 93Rb | 93Sr | 93Y | 93Zr | 93Nb | 93Mo | 93Tc | 93Ru | 93Rh | 93Pd | 93Ag | ||||||||||||||||
94 | 94Se | 94Br | 94Kr | 94Rb | 94Sr | 94Y | 94Zr | 94Nb | 94Mo | 94Tc | 94Ru | 94Rh | 94Pd | 94Ag | ||||||||||||||||
95 | 95Br | 95Kr | 95Rb | 95Sr | 95Y | 95Zr | 95Nb | 95Mo | 95Tc | 95Ru | 95Rh | 95Pd | 95Ag | 95Cd | ||||||||||||||||
96 | 96Br | 96Kr | 96Rb | 96Sr | 96Y | 96Zr | 96Nb | 96Mo | 96Tc | 96Ru | 96Rh | 96Pd | 96Ag | 96Cd | ||||||||||||||||
97 | 97Br | 97Kr | 97Rb | 97Sr | 97Y | 97Zr | 97Nb | 97Mo | 97Tc | 97Ru | 97Rh | 97Pd | 97Ag | 97Cd | 97In | |||||||||||||||
98 | 98Br | 98Kr | 98Rb | 98Sr | 98Y | 98Zr | 98Nb | 98Mo | 98Tc | 98Ru | 98Rh | 98Pd | 98Ag | 98Cd | 98In | |||||||||||||||
99 | 99Kr | 99Rb | 99Sr | 99Y | 99Zr | 99Nb | 99Mo | 99Tc | 99Ru | 99Rh | 99Pd | 99Ag | 99Cd | 99In | 99Sn | |||||||||||||||
100 | 100Kr | 100Rb | 100Sr | 100Y | 100Zr | 100Nb | 100Mo | 100Tc | 100Ru | 100Rh | 100Pd | 100Ag | 100Cd | 100In | 100Sn | |||||||||||||||
101 | 101Kr | 101Rb | 101Sr | 101Y | 101Zr | 101Nb | 101Mo | 101Tc | 101Ru | 101Rh | 101Pd | 101Ag | 101Cd | 101In | 101Sn | |||||||||||||||
102 | 102Rb | 102Sr | 102Y | 102Zr | 102Nb | 102Mo | 102Tc | 102Ru | 102Rh | 102Pd | 102Ag | 102Cd | 102In | 102Sn | ||||||||||||||||
103 | 103Sr | 103Y | 103Zr | 103Nb | 103Mo | 103Tc | 103Ru | 103Rh | 103Pd | 103Ag | 103Cd | 103In | 103Sn | 103Sb | ||||||||||||||||
104 | 104Sr | 104Y | 104Zr | 104Nb | 104Mo | 104Tc | 104Ru | 104Rh | 104Pd | 104Ag | 104Cd | 104In | 104Sn | 104Sb | ||||||||||||||||
105 | 105Sr | 105Y | 105Zr | 105Nb | 105Mo | 105Tc | 105Ru | 105Rh | 105Pd | 105Ag | 105Cd | 105In | 105Sn | 105Sb | 105Te | |||||||||||||||
106 | 106Sr | 106Y | 106Zr | 106Nb | 106Mo | 106Tc | 106Ru | 106Rh | 106Pd | 106Ag | 106Cd | 106In | 106Sn | 106Sb | 106Te | |||||||||||||||
107 | 107Sr | 107Y | 107Zr | 107Nb | 107Mo | 107Tc | 107Ru | 107Rh | 107Pd | 107Ag | 107Cd | 107In | 107Sn | 107Sb | 107Te | |||||||||||||||
108 | 108Y | 108Zr | 108Nb | 108Mo | 108Tc | 108Ru | 108Rh | 108Pd | 108Ag | 108Cd | 108In | 108Sn | 108Sb | 108Te | 108I | |||||||||||||||
109 | 109Y | 109Zr | 109Nb | 109Mo | 109Tc | 109Ru | 109Rh | 109Pd | 109Ag | 109Cd | 109In | 109Sn | 109Sb | 109Te | 109I | 109Xe | ||||||||||||||
110 | 110Zr | 110Nb | 110Mo | 110Tc | 110Ru | 110Rh | 110Pd | 110Ag | 110Cd | 110In | 110Sn | 110Sb | 110Te | 110I | 110Xe | |||||||||||||||
111 | 111Zr | 111Nb | 111Mo | 111Tc | 111Ru | 111Rh | 111Pd | 111Ag | 111Cd | 111In | 111Sn | 111Sb | 111Te | 111I | 111Xe | |||||||||||||||
112 | 112Zr | 112Nb | 112Mo | 112Tc | 112Ru | 112Rh | 112Pd | 112Ag | 112Cd | 112In | 112Sn | 112Sb | 112Te | 112I | 112Xe | 112Cs | ||||||||||||||
113 | 113Nb | 113Mo | 113Tc | 113Ru | 113Rh | 113Pd | 113Ag | 113Cd | 113In | 113Sn | 113Sb | 113Te | 113I | 113Xe | 113Cs | |||||||||||||||
114 | 114Nb | 114Mo | 114Tc | 114Ru | 114Rh | 114Pd | 114Ag | 114Cd | 114In | 114Sn | 114Sb | 114Te | 114I | 114Xe | 114Cs | 114Ba | ||||||||||||||
115 | 115Nb | 115Mo | 115Tc | 115Ru | 115Rh | 115Pd | 115Ag | 115Cd | 115In | 115Sn | 115Sb | 115Te | 115I | 115Xe | 115Cs | 115Ba | ||||||||||||||
116 | 116Mo | 116Tc | 116Ru | 116Rh | 116Pd | 116Ag | 116Cd | 116In | 116Sn | 116Sb | 116Te | 116I | 116Xe | 116Cs | 116Ba | 116La | ||||||||||||||
117 | 117Mo | 117Tc | 117Ru | 117Rh | 117Pd | 117Ag | 117Cd | 117In | 117Sn | 117Sb | 117Te | 117I | 117Xe | 117Cs | 117Ba | 117La | ||||||||||||||
118 | 118Tc | 118Ru | 118Rh | 118Pd | 118Ag | 118Cd | 118In | 118Sn | 118Sb | 118Te | 118I | 118Xe | 118Cs | 118Ba | 118La | |||||||||||||||
119 | 119Tc | 119Ru | 119Rh | 119Pd | 119Ag | 119Cd | 119In | 119Sn | 119Sb | 119Te | 119I | 119Xe | 119Cs | 119Ba | 119La | 119Ce | ||||||||||||||
120 | 120Tc | 120Ru | 120Rh | 120Pd | 120Ag | 120Cd | 120In | 120Sn | 120Sb | 120Te | 120I | 120Xe | 120Cs | 120Ba | 120La | 120Ce | ||||||||||||||
121 | 121Ru | 121Rh | 121Pd | 121Ag | 121Cd | 121In | 121Sn | 121Sb | 121Te | 121I | 121Xe | 121Cs | 121Ba | 121La | 121Ce | 121Pr | ||||||||||||||
122 | 122Ru | 122Rh | 122Pd | 122Ag | 122Cd | 122In | 122Sn | 122Sb | 122Te | 122I | 122Xe | 122Cs | 122Ba | 122La | 122Ce | 122Pr | ||||||||||||||
123 | 123Ru | 123Rh | 123Pd | 123Ag | 123Cd | 123In | 123Sn | 123Sb | 123Te | 123I | 123Xe | 123Cs | 123Ba | 123La | 123Ce | 123Pr | ||||||||||||||
124 | 124Ru | 124Rh | 124Pd | 124Ag | 124Cd | 124In | 124Sn | 124Sb | 124Te | 124I | 124Xe | 124Cs | 124Ba | 124La | 124Ce | 124Pr | 124Nd |
Kernisotone Nuklide des Rutheniums
Die zu den Ruthenium-Kernen isotonen Nuklide befinden sich in der jeweiligen Tabellenzeile; N = Anzahl der Neutronen.
43 | 44 | 45 | 46 | 47 | 48 | 49 | 50 | 51 | 52 | 53 | 54 | 55 | 56 | 57 | 58 | 59 | 60 | 61 | 62 | 63 | 64 | 65 | 66 | 67 | 68 | 69 | 70 | 71 | 72 | 73 | 74 | 75 | 76 | 77 | 78 | 79 | 80 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
66V | 67V | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
67Cr | 68Cr | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
68Mn | 69Mn | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
69Fe | 70Fe | 71Fe | 72Fe | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
70Co | 71Co | 72Co | 73Co | 74Co | 75Co | 76Co | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
71Ni | 72Ni | 73Ni | 74Ni | 75Ni | 76Ni | 77Ni | 78Ni | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
72Cu | 73Cu | 74Cu | 75Cu | 76Cu | 77Cu | 78Cu | 79Cu | 80Cu | 81Cu | 82Cu | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
73Zn | 74Zn | 75Zn | 76Zn | 77Zn | 78Zn | 79Zn | 80Zn | 81Zn | 82Zn | 83Zn | 84Zn | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
74Ga | 75Ga | 76Ga | 77Ga | 78Ga | 79Ga | 80Ga | 81Ga | 82Ga | 83Ga | 84Ga | 85Ga | 86Ga | 87Ga | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
75Ge | 76Ge | 77Ge | 78Ge | 79Ge | 80Ge | 81Ge | 82Ge | 83Ge | 84Ge | 85Ge | 86Ge | 87Ge | 88Ge | 89Ge | |||||||||||||||||||||||
76As | 77As | 78As | 79As | 80As | 81As | 82As | 83As | 84As | 85As | 86As | 87As | 88As | 89As | 90As | 91As | 92As | |||||||||||||||||||||
77Se | 78Se | 79Se | 80Se | 81Se | 82Se | 83Se | 84Se | 85Se | 86Se | 87Se | 88Se | 89Se | 90Se | 91Se | 92Se | 93Se | 94Se | ||||||||||||||||||||
78Br | 79Br | 80Br | 81Br | 82Br | 83Br | 84Br | 85Br | 86Br | 87Br | 88Br | 89Br | 90Br | 91Br | 92Br | 93Br | 94Br | 95Br | 96Br | 97Br | 98Br | |||||||||||||||||
79Kr | 80Kr | 81Kr | 82Kr | 83Kr | 84Kr | 85Kr | 86Kr | 87Kr | 88Kr | 89Kr | 90Kr | 91Kr | 92Kr | 93Kr | 94Kr | 95Kr | 96Kr | 97Kr | 98Kr | 99Kr | 100Kr | 101Kr | |||||||||||||||
80Rb | 81Rb | 82Rb | 83Rb | 84Rb | 85Rb | 86Rb | 87Rb | 88Rb | 89Rb | 90Rb | 91Rb | 92Rb | 93Rb | 94Rb | 95Rb | 96Rb | 97Rb | 98Rb | 99Rb | 100Rb | 101Rb | 102Rb | |||||||||||||||
81Sr | 82Sr | 83Sr | 84Sr | 85Sr | 86Sr | 87Sr | 88Sr | 89Sr | 90Sr | 91Sr | 92Sr | 93Sr | 94Sr | 95Sr | 96Sr | 97Sr | 98Sr | 99Sr | 100Sr | 101Sr | 102Sr | 103Sr | 104Sr | 105Sr | 106Sr | 107Sr | |||||||||||
82Y | 83Y | 84Y | 85Y | 86Y | 87Y | 88Y | 89Y | 90Y | 91Y | 92Y | 93Y | 94Y | 95Y | 96Y | 97Y | 98Y | 99Y | 100Y | 101Y | 102Y | 103Y | 104Y | 105Y | 106Y | 107Y | 108Y | 109Y | ||||||||||
83Zr | 84Zr | 85Zr | 86Zr | 87Zr | 88Zr | 89Zr | 90Zr | 91Zr | 92Zr | 93Zr | 94Zr | 95Zr | 96Zr | 97Zr | 98Zr | 99Zr | 100Zr | 101Zr | 102Zr | 103Zr | 104Zr | 105Zr | 106Zr | 107Zr | 108Zr | 109Zr | 110Zr | 111Zr | 112Zr | ||||||||
84Nb | 85Nb | 86Nb | 87Nb | 88Nb | 89Nb | 90Nb | 91Nb | 92Nb | 93Nb | 94Nb | 95Nb | 96Nb | 97Nb | 98Nb | 99Nb | 100Nb | 101Nb | 102Nb | 103Nb | 104Nb | 105Nb | 106Nb | 107Nb | 108Nb | 109Nb | 110Nb | 111Nb | 112Nb | 113Nb | 114Nb | 115Nb | ||||||
85Mo | 86Mo | 87Mo | 88Mo | 89Mo | 90Mo | 91Mo | 92Mo | 93Mo | 94Mo | 95Mo | 96Mo | 97Mo | 98Mo | 99Mo | 100Mo | 101Mo | 102Mo | 103Mo | 104Mo | 105Mo | 106Mo | 107Mo | 108Mo | 109Mo | 110Mo | 111Mo | 112Mo | 113Mo | 114Mo | 115Mo | 116Mo | 117Mo | |||||
86Tc | 87Tc | 88Tc | 89Tc | 90Tc | 91Tc | 92Tc | 93Tc | 94Tc | 95Tc | 96Tc | 97Tc | 98Tc | 99Tc | 100Tc | 101Tc | 102Tc | 103Tc | 104Tc | 105Tc | 106Tc | 107Tc | 108Tc | 109Tc | 110Tc | 111Tc | 112Tc | 113Tc | 114Tc | 115Tc | 116Tc | 117Tc | 118Tc | 119Tc | 120Tc | |||
87Ru | 88Ru | 89Ru | 90Ru | 91Ru | 92Ru | 93Ru | 94Ru | 95Ru | 96Ru | 97Ru | 98Ru | 99Ru | 100Ru | 101Ru | 102Ru | 103Ru | 104Ru | 105Ru | 106Ru | 107Ru | 108Ru | 109Ru | 110Ru | 111Ru | 112Ru | 113Ru | 114Ru | 115Ru | 116Ru | 117Ru | 118Ru | 119Ru | 120Ru | 121Ru | 122Ru | 123Ru | 124Ru |
89Rh | 90Rh | 91Rh | 92Rh | 93Rh | 94Rh | 95Rh | 96Rh | 97Rh | 98Rh | 99Rh | 100Rh | 101Rh | 102Rh | 103Rh | 104Rh | 105Rh | 106Rh | 107Rh | 108Rh | 109Rh | 110Rh | 111Rh | 112Rh | 113Rh | 114Rh | 115Rh | 116Rh | 117Rh | 118Rh | 119Rh | 120Rh | 121Rh | 122Rh | 123Rh | 124Rh | 125Rh | |
91Pd | 92Pd | 93Pd | 94Pd | 95Pd | 96Pd | 97Pd | 98Pd | 99Pd | 100Pd | 101Pd | 102Pd | 103Pd | 104Pd | 105Pd | 106Pd | 107Pd | 108Pd | 109Pd | 110Pd | 111Pd | 112Pd | 113Pd | 114Pd | 115Pd | 116Pd | 117Pd | 118Pd | 119Pd | 120Pd | 121Pd | 122Pd | 123Pd | 124Pd | 125Pd | 126Pd | ||
93Ag | 94Ag | 95Ag | 96Ag | 97Ag | 98Ag | 99Ag | 100Ag | 101Ag | 102Ag | 103Ag | 104Ag | 105Ag | 106Ag | 107Ag | 108Ag | 109Ag | 110Ag | 111Ag | 112Ag | 113Ag | 114Ag | 115Ag | 116Ag | 117Ag | 118Ag | 119Ag | 120Ag | 121Ag | 122Ag | 123Ag | 124Ag | 125Ag | 126Ag | 127Ag | |||
95Cd | 96Cd | 97Cd | 98Cd | 99Cd | 100Cd | 101Cd | 102Cd | 103Cd | 104Cd | 105Cd | 106Cd | 107Cd | 108Cd | 109Cd | 110Cd | 111Cd | 112Cd | 113Cd | 114Cd | 115Cd | 116Cd | 117Cd | 118Cd | 119Cd | 120Cd | 121Cd | 122Cd | 123Cd | 124Cd | 125Cd | 126Cd | 127Cd | 128Cd | ||||
97In | 98In | 99In | 100In | 101In | 102In | 103In | 104In | 105In | 106In | 107In | 108In | 109In | 110In | 111In | 112In | 113In | 114In | 115In | 116In | 117In | 118In | 119In | 120In | 121In | 122In | 123In | 124In | 125In | 126In | 127In | 128In | 129In | |||||
99Sn | 100Sn | 101Sn | 102Sn | 103Sn | 104Sn | 105Sn | 106Sn | 107Sn | 108Sn | 109Sn | 110Sn | 111Sn | 112Sn | 113Sn | 114Sn | 115Sn | 116Sn | 117Sn | 118Sn | 119Sn | 120Sn | 121Sn | 122Sn | 123Sn | 124Sn | 125Sn | 126Sn | 127Sn | 128Sn | 129Sn | 130Sn | ||||||
103Sb | 104Sb | 105Sb | 106Sb | 107Sb | 108Sb | 109Sb | 110Sb | 111Sb | 112Sb | 113Sb | 114Sb | 115Sb | 116Sb | 117Sb | 118Sb | 119Sb | 120Sb | 121Sb | 122Sb | 123Sb | 124Sb | 125Sb | 126Sb | 127Sb | 128Sb | 129Sb | 130Sb | 131Sb | |||||||||
105Te | 106Te | 107Te | 108Te | 109Te | 110Te | 111Te | 112Te | 113Te | 114Te | 115Te | 116Te | 117Te | 118Te | 119Te | 120Te | 121Te | 122Te | 123Te | 124Te | 125Te | 126Te | 127Te | 128Te | 129Te | 130Te | 131Te | 132Te | ||||||||||
108I | 109I | 110I | 111I | 112I | 113I | 114I | 115I | 116I | 117I | 118I | 119I | 120I | 121I | 122I | 123I | 124I | 125I | 126I | 127I | 128I | 129I | 130I | 131I | 132I | 133I | ||||||||||||
109Xe | 110Xe | 111Xe | 112Xe | 113Xe | 114Xe | 115Xe | 116Xe | 117Xe | 118Xe | 119Xe | 120Xe | 121Xe | 122Xe | 123Xe | 124Xe | 125Xe | 126Xe | 127Xe | 128Xe | 129Xe | 130Xe | 131Xe | 132Xe | 133Xe | 134Xe | ||||||||||||
112Cs | 113Cs | 114Cs | 115Cs | 116Cs | 117Cs | 118Cs | 119Cs | 120Cs | 121Cs | 122Cs | 123Cs | 124Cs | 125Cs | 126Cs | 127Cs | 128Cs | 129Cs | 130Cs | 131Cs | 132Cs | 133Cs | 134Cs | 135Cs | ||||||||||||||
114Ba | 115Ba | 116Ba | 117Ba | 118Ba | 119Ba | 120Ba | 121Ba | 122Ba | 123Ba | 124Ba | 125Ba | 126Ba | 127Ba | 128Ba | 129Ba | 130Ba | 131Ba | 132Ba | 133Ba | 134Ba | 135Ba | 136Ba | |||||||||||||||
116La | 117La | 118La | 119La | 120La | 121La | 122La | 123La | 124La | 125La | 126La | 127La | 128La | 129La | 130La | 131La | 132La | 133La | 134La | 135La | 136La | 137La | ||||||||||||||||
119Ce | 120Ce | 121Ce | 122Ce | 123Ce | 124Ce | 125Ce | 126Ce | 127Ce | 128Ce | 129Ce | 130Ce | 131Ce | 132Ce | 133Ce | 134Ce | 135Ce | 136Ce | 137Ce | 138Ce | ||||||||||||||||||
121Pr | 122Pr | 123Pr | 124Pr | 125Pr | 126Pr | 127Pr | 128Pr | 129Pr | 130Pr | 131Pr | 132Pr | 133Pr | 134Pr | 135Pr | 136Pr | 137Pr | 138Pr | 139Pr | |||||||||||||||||||
124Nd | 125Nd | 126Nd | 127Nd | 128Nd | 129Nd | 130Nd | 131Nd | 132Nd | 133Nd | 134Nd | 135Nd | 136Nd | 137Nd | 138Nd | 139Nd | 140Nd | |||||||||||||||||||||
126Pm | 127Pm | 128Pm | 129Pm | 130Pm | 131Pm | 132Pm | 133Pm | 134Pm | 135Pm | 136Pm | 137Pm | 138Pm | 139Pm | 140Pm | 141Pm | ||||||||||||||||||||||
128Sm | 129Sm | 130Sm | 131Sm | 132Sm | 133Sm | 134Sm | 135Sm | 136Sm | 137Sm | 138Sm | 139Sm | 140Sm | 141Sm | 142Sm | |||||||||||||||||||||||
130Eu | 131Eu | 132Eu | 133Eu | 134Eu | 135Eu | 136Eu | 137Eu | 138Eu | 139Eu | 140Eu | 141Eu | 142Eu | 143Eu | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
134Gd | 135Gd | 136Gd | 137Gd | 138Gd | 139Gd | 140Gd | 141Gd | 142Gd | 143Gd | 144Gd | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
135Tb | 136Tb | 137Tb | 138Tb | 139Tb | 140Tb | 141Tb | 142Tb | 143Tb | 144Tb | 145Tb | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
138Dy | 139Dy | 140Dy | 141Dy | 142Dy | 143Dy | 144Dy | 145Dy | 146Dy | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
140Ho | 141Ho | 142Ho | 143Ho | 144Ho | 145Ho | 146Ho | 147Ho | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
143Er | 144Er | 145Er | 146Er | 147Er | 148Er | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
144Tm | 145Tm | 146Tm | 147Tm | 148Tm | 149Tm | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
148Yb | 149Yb | 150Yb | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
150Lu | 151Lu |
Literatur und Hinweise
Eigenschaften der Ruthenium-Isotope
[1] - NuDat: National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, based on ENSDF and the Nuclear Wallet Cards.
[2] - G. Audi et. al.: The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties. Nuclear Physics, (2003), DOI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001.
[3] - Live Chart of Nuclides. Nuclear structure and decay data.
Ruthenium: Kernmagnetische Eigenschaften - 99Ru-NMR, 101Ru-NMR
[4] - N. J. Stone: Table of nuclear magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments. Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables, (2005), DOI 10.1016/j.adt.2005.04.001.
[5] - Pekka Pyykkö: Year-2008 nuclear quadrupole moments. Molecular Physics, (2008), DOI 10.1080/00268970802018367.
[6] - Pekka Pyykkö: Year-2017 nuclear quadrupole moments. Molecular Physics, (2018), DOI 10.1080/00268976.2018.1426131.
[7] - N. J. Stone: Table of recommended nuclear magnetic dipole moments. IAEA, (2019).
Weitere Quellen:
[8] - Isotopenhäufigkeiten, Atommassen und Isotopenmassen: Siehe unter dem jeweiligen Stichwort.
[9] - John W. Arblaster:
The Discoverers of the Ruthenium Isotopes.
In: Platinum Metals Review, (2011), DOI 10.1595/147106711x592448.
[10] - A. Nystrom, M. Thoennessen:
Discovery of Yttrium, Zirconium, Niobium, Technetium, and Ruthenium Isotopes.
In: Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables, (2012), DOI 10.1016/j.adt.2011.12.002.
Kategorie: Chemische Elemente
Letzte Änderung am 12.12.2022.
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