Unter Nickel-Isotope werden alle Atomkerne des chemischen Elements Nickel zusammengefasst; diese bestehen allesamt aus einem Atomkern mit 28 Protonen und im ungeladenen Zustand aus 28 Elektronen. Der Unterschied zwischen den einzelnen Nickel-Isotopen beruht auf der Anzahl der Neutronen im Kern.
Natürlich auftretende Nickel-Isotope
Das Übergangselement Nickel tritt in der Natur als Gemisch aus fünf stabilen Isotopen auf. Die nachfolgende Tabelle listet die natürliche Isotopenzusammensetzung des Nickels:
Atommasse Ar | Anteil | Halbwertszeit | Spin | |
Nickel Isotopengemisch | 58,6934 u | 100 % | ||
Isotop 58Ni | 57,935342(3) u | 68,0769(190) % | stabil | 0+ |
Isotop 60Ni | 59,930786(3) u | 26,2231(150) % | stabil | 0+ |
Isotop 61Ni | 60,931056(3) u | 1,1399(13) % | stabil | 3/2- |
Isotop 62Ni | 61,928345(4) u | 3,6345(40) % | stabil | 0+ |
Isotop 64Ni | 63,927967(4) u | 0,9256(19) % | stabil | 0+ |
Technisch oder medizinisch besitzen Nickelisotope keine Bedeutung.
Isotopentabelle: Nickel
Isotop Nuklid | Z | A | N | Name | Atommasse [Kernmasse] {Massenüberschuss} | Spin I (h/2π) | μ | A-Nuk |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
48Ni | 28 | 48 | 20 | Nickel-48 | 48,01952(46) u [48,0041602 u] {18,18276 MeV} | 0+ | ||
49Ni | 28 | 49 | 21 | Nickel-49 | 49,00880(64) u [48,9934402 u] {8,19715 MeV} | (7/2-)~ | ||
50Ni | 28 | 50 | 22 | Nickel-50 | 49,99558(54) u [49,9802202 u] {-4,1172 MeV} | 0+ | ||
51Ni | 28 | 51 | 23 | Nickel-51 | 50,98722(54) u [50,9718602 u] {-11,90449 MeV} | (7/2-) | ||
52Ni | 28 | 52 | 24 | Nickel-52 | 51,97603(43) u [51,9606702 u] {-22,32791 MeV} | 0+ | 54Zn | |
53Ni | 28 | 53 | 25 | Nickel-53 | 52,968190(27) u [52,9528302 u] {-29,63082 MeV} | (7/2-) | ||
54Ni | 28 | 54 | 26 | Nickel-54 | 53,957833(5) u [53,9424732 u] {-39,27831 MeV} | 0+ | ||
54mNi | 28 | 54 | 26 | Nickel-54m | 53,957833(5) u [53,9424732 u] {-39,27831 MeV} | 10+ | ||
55Ni | 28 | 55 | 27 | Nickel-55 | 54,9513300(8) u [54,9359702 u] {-45,33581 MeV} | 7/2- | (-)0,98(3) | |
56Ni | 28 | 56 | 28 | Nickel-56 | 55,9421278(4) u [55,926768 u] {-53,90761 MeV} | 0+ | - 0,7975(14) | 56Cu 57Zn 60Ga |
57Ni | 28 | 57 | 29 | Nickel-57 | 56,9397915(6) u [56,9244317 u] {-56,08386 MeV} | 3/2- | -0,7975(14) | 57Cu 58Zn |
58Ni | 28 | 58 | 30 | Nickel-58 | 57,935342(3) u [57,9199822 u] {-60,22854 MeV} | 0+ | 58Cu 59Zn | |
59Ni | 28 | 59 | 31 | Nickel-59 | 58,93434544(38) u [58,9189856 u] {-61,15683 MeV} | 3/2- | 59Cu | |
60Ni | 28 | 60 | 32 | Nickel-60 | 59,930786(3) u [59,9154262 u] {-64,47243 MeV} | 0+ | 60Cu 60Co | |
61Ni | 28 | 61 | 33 | Nickel-61 | 60,931056(3) u [60,9156962 u] {-64,22092 MeV} | 3/2- | -0,74965(5) | 61Cu 61Co |
62Ni | 28 | 62 | 34 | Nickel-62 | 61,928345(4) u [61,9129852 u] {-66,7462 MeV} | 0+ | 62Cu 62Co | |
63Ni | 28 | 63 | 35 | Nickel-63 | 62,9296690(5) u [62,9143092 u] {-65,5129 MeV} | 1/2- | +0,496(5) | 63Co |
63mNi | 28 | 63 | 35 | Nickel-63m | 62,9296691(5) u [62,9143093 u] {-65,51281 MeV} | 5/2- | +0,752(3) | |
64Ni | 28 | 64 | 36 | Nickel-64 | 63,927967(4) u [63,9126072 u] {-67,09831 MeV} | 0+ | 64Co 64Cu | |
65Ni | 28 | 65 | 37 | Nickel-65 | 64,9300847(5) u [64,9147249 u] {-65,12568 MeV} | 5/2- | 0,69(6) | 65Co |
65mNi | 28 | 65 | 37 | Nickel-65m | 64,9300847(5) u [64,9147249 u] {-65,12568 MeV} | 1/2- | ||
66Ni | 28 | 66 | 38 | Nickel-66 | 65,9291393(15) u [65,9137795 u] {-66,00632 MeV} | 0+ | 66Co | |
67Ni | 28 | 67 | 39 | Nickel-67 | 66,931569(3) u [66,9162092 u] {-63,74307 MeV} | (1/2)- | + 0,601(5) | 67Co |
67mNi | 28 | 67 | 39 | Nickel-67m | 66,931569(3) u [66,9162092 u] {-63,74307 MeV} | (9/2+) | 0,56(3) | |
68Ni | 28 | 68 | 40 | Nickel-68 | 67,931869(3) u [67,9165092 u] {-63,46362 MeV} | 0+ | 68Co | |
68m1Ni | 28 | 68 | 40 | Nickel-68m1 | 67,931869(3) u [67,9165092 u] {-63,46362 MeV} | 0+ | ||
68m2Ni | 28 | 68 | 40 | Nickel-68m2 | 67,931869(3) u [67,9165092 u] {-63,46362 MeV} | 5- | ||
69Ni | 28 | 69 | 41 | Nickel-69 | 68,935610(4) u [68,9202502 u] {-59,9789 MeV} | (9/2+) | ||
69m1Ni | 28 | 69 | 41 | Nickel-69m1 | 68,935610(4) u [68,9202502 u] {-59,9789 MeV} | (1/2-) | ||
69m2Ni | 28 | 69 | 41 | Nickel-69m2 | 68,935610(4) u [68,9202502 u] {-59,9789 MeV} | (17/2-) | ||
70Ni | 28 | 70 | 42 | Nickel-70 | 69,9364313(23) u [69,9210715 u] {-59,21386 MeV} | 0+ | 70Co | |
70mNi | 28 | 70 | 42 | Nickel-70m | 69,9364313(23) u [69,9210715 u] {-59,21386 MeV} | 8+ | ||
71Ni | 28 | 71 | 43 | Nickel-71 | 70,9405190(24) u [70,9251592 u] {-55,40619 MeV} | (9/2+) | ||
71mNi | 28 | 71 | 43 | Nickel-71m | 70,9405190(24) u [70,9251592 u] {-55,40619 MeV} | (1/2-) | ||
72Ni | 28 | 72 | 44 | Nickel-72 | 71,9417859(24) u [71,9264261 u] {-54,22608 MeV} | 0+ | ||
73Ni | 28 | 73 | 45 | Nickel-73 | 72,9462067(26) u [72,9308469 u] {-50,10814 MeV} | (9/2+) | ||
74Ni | 28 | 74 | 46 | Nickel-74 | 73,94798(21) u [73,9326202 u] {-48,45632 MeV} | 0+ | 74Co | |
75Ni | 28 | 75 | 47 | Nickel-75 | 74,95273(32) u [74,9373702 u] {-44,03172 MeV} | (7/2+) | ||
76Ni | 28 | 76 | 48 | Nickel-76 | 75,95531(43) u [75,9399502 u] {-41,62847 MeV} | 0+ | ||
76mNi | 28 | 76 | 48 | Nickel-76m | 75,95531(43) u [75,9399502 u] {-41,62847 MeV} | |||
77Ni | 28 | 77 | 49 | Nickel-77 | 76,96049(54) u [76,9451302 u] {-36,80333 MeV} | |||
78Ni | 28 | 78 | 50 | Nickel-78 | 77,96362(64) u [77,9482602 u] {-33,88775 MeV} | 0+ | ||
79Ni | 28 | 79 | 51 | Nickel-79 | 78,97040(64) u [78,9550402 u] {-27,57222 MeV} | |||
80Ni | 28 | 80 | 52 | Nickel-80 | 79,97571(75) u [79,9603502 u] {-22,62599 MeV} | 0+ |
Isotop | Zerfall (radioaktiver Zerfall) | AE | Mehr | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Halbwertszeit | Zerfallsart | Anteil | Energie | Info | ||
1 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 |
Ni-48 | 2,1 ms | β+, p zu 47Fe 2p zu 46Fe | 30 % 70 % | 15,29(71) MeV 1,29(4) MeV | AL | |
Ni-49 | 7,5(10) ms | EE/β+ zu 49Co β+, p zu 48Fe | 17 % 83(13) % | 18,08(72) MeV | AL | |
Ni-50 | 18,5(12) ms | EE/β+ zu 50Co ε, p zu 49Fe EE, 2p zu 48Fe | 73(6) % 14(5) % | 13,51(64) MeV | AL | |
Ni-51 | 23,8(2) ms | EE/β+ zu 51Co EE, p zu 50Fe EE, 2p zu 49Fe | 87,2(8) % 0,5(2) % | 15,44(50) MeV | AL | |
Ni-52 | 40,8(2) ms | EE/β+ zu 52Co β+, p zu 51Fe | 68,6 % 31,4(15) % | 12,03(40) MeV | AL | |
Ni-53 | 55,2(7) ms | EE/β+ zu 53Co β+, p zu 52Fe | 23,4(10) % | 13,029(25) MeV | AL | |
Ni-54 | 114,2(3) ms | EE/β+ zu 54Co | 100 % | 8,732(5) MeV | AL | |
Ni-54m | 152(4) ns | Iso zu 54Ni p zu 53Co | 64(2) % 36(2) % | 6457,4(9) keV | ||
Ni-55 | 204,7(37) ms | EE/β+ zu 55Co | 100 % | 8,6940(8) MeV | AL | |
Ni-56 | 6,075(10) Tage | EE/β+ zu 56Co | 100 % | 2,1329(6) MeV | AL | |
Ni-57 | 35,60 (6) Stunden | EE/β+ zu 57Co | 100 % | 3,2617(8) MeV | AL | |
Ni-58 | stabil | AL | ||||
Ni-59 | 7,6(5) × 104 Jahre | EE/β+ zu 59Co | 100 % | 1,0730(5) MeV | AL | |
Ni-60 | stabil | AL | ||||
Ni-61 | stabil | AL | ||||
Ni-62 | stabil | AL | ||||
Ni-63 | 101,2(15) Jahre | β- zu 63Cu | 100 % | 0,066977(15) MeV | AL | |
Ni-63m | 1,67(3) μs | 87,15(11) keV | AL | |||
Ni-64 | stabil | AL | ||||
Ni-65 | 2,5175(5) Stunden | β- zu 65Cu | 100 % | 2,1380(7) MeV | AL | |
Ni-65m | 69(3) μs | β- zu 65Cu | 63,37(5) keV | AL | ||
Ni-66 | 54,6(3) Stunden | β- zu 66Cu | 100 % | 0,2520(15) MeV | AL | |
Ni-67 | 21(1)s | β- zu 67Cu | 100 % | 3,577(3) MeV | AL | |
Ni-67m | 13,3(2) μs | 1007,2 keV | ||||
Ni-68 | 29(2) s | β- zu 68Cu | 100 % | 2,103(3) MeV | AL | |
Ni-68m1 | 270(5) ns | 1770(30) keV | ||||
Ni-68m2 | 0,86(5) ms | Iso zu 68Ni | 100 % | 2849,1(3) keV | AL | |
Ni-69 | 11,4(3) s | β- zu 69Cu | 100 % | 5,758(4) MeV | AL | |
Ni-69m1 | 3,5(4) s | β- zu 69Cu Iso zu 69Ni | < 99,9 % < 0,01 % | 5,758(4) MeV | 321(2) keV | |
Ni-69m2 | 0,439(3) μs | Iso zu 69Ni | 100 % | 2700 keV | ||
Ni-70 | 6,0(3) s | β- zu 70Cu | 100 % | 3,7625(24) MeV | AL | |
Ni-70m | 0,232(1) μs | Iso zu 70Ni | 100 % | 2860,93(7) keV | ||
Ni-71 | 2,56(3) s | β- zu 71Cu | 100 % | 7,3049(27) MeV | AL | |
Ni-71m | 2,3(3) s | β- zu 71Cu | 100 % | 499 keV | ||
Ni-72 | 1,57(5) s | β- zu 72Cu | 100 % | 5,5569(26) MeV | AL | |
Ni-73 | 0,84(3) s | β- zu 73Cu β-, n zu 72Cu | 100 % ? | 8,879(3) MeV 1,6035(28) MeV | AL | |
Ni-74 | 507,7(46) ms | β-, n zu 73Cu | ? | 2,46(20) MeV | AL | |
Ni-75 | 344(25) ms | β- zu 75Cu β- zu 74Cu | 10,0(28) % | 10,3834 MeV 3,90(30) MeV | AL | |
Ni-76 | 238 ms | β- zu 76Cu β-, n zu 75Cu | 100 % ? | 9,35(40) MeV 4,77(40) MeV | AL | |
Ni-76m | 0,59 μs | Iso zu 76Ni | 100 % | 2420(4) keV | ||
Ni-77 | 128 ms | β- zu 77Cu β-, n zu 76Cu | 100 % ? | 11,82(52) MeV 6,10(50) MeV | AL | |
Ni-78 | 0,11 s | β- zu 78Cu β-, n zu 77Cu | 100 % ? | 10,61(78) MeV 6,66(62) MeV | AL | |
Ni-79 | 43 ms | β- zu 79Cu β-, n zu 78Cu β-, 2n zu 77Cu | 100 % ? ? | 14,17(67) MeV 8,86(78) MeV | ||
Ni-80 | 24 ms | β- zu 80Cu β-, n zu 79Cu β-, 2n zu 78Cu | 100 % ? ? | 13,57(81) MeV 11,04(76) MeV |
Erläuterungen zu den einzelnen Spalten:
1 - Symbol mit Nukleonenzahl.
2 - Z = Anzahl der Protonen (Ordnungszahl).
3 - Massenzahl A.
4 - N = Anzahl der Neutronen.
5 - Bezeichnung des Nickel-Isotops; gegebenenfalls Trivialnamen.
6 - Relative Atommasse des Nickel-Isotops (Isotopenmasse inklusive Elektronen) und in eckigen Klammern die Masse des Atomkerns (Kernmasse, Nuklidmasse ohne Elektronen), jeweils bezogen auf 12C = 12,00000 [2]. Zusätzlich ist der Massenüberschuss (Massenexzess) in MeV angegeben.
7 - Kernspin I, Einheit: h/2π.
8 - Kernmagnetisches Moment μmag.
9 - Ausgangsnuklide: Mögliche, angenommene oder tatsächliche Ausgangs-Nuklide (Mutternuklide, Elternnuklide). Die entsprechenden Zerfalls-Modi sind gegebenenfalls bei den Daten des jeweiligen Ausgangsnuklids zu finden.
10 - Zerfall: Halbwertszeiten des Nickel-Isotops mit a = Jahre; ; d = Tage; h = Stunden; min = Minuten; s = Sekunden.
11 - Zerfall: Zerfallsart in die jeweiligen Tochternuklide mit n = Neutronenemission; p = Protonenemission; α = Alpha-Zerfall; ß- = Beta-Minus-Zerfall unter Elektronenemission; EE = Elektroneneinfang; ß+ = Positronenemission; ε = ß+ und/oder EE; Iso = Isomerieübergang; CZ = Cluster-Zerfall; SZ = Spontanzerfall.
12 - Zerfall: Zerfallsanteil in Prozent (%).
13 - Zerfall: Zerfallsenergie; Partikelenergie bezogen auf Zerfallsart.
14 - AE = Anregungsenergie für metastabile Kerne.
15 - Sonstige Informationen und Hinweise: AL = Weitere Niveaus, so genannte Adopted Levels (Verlinkung auf externe Daten [1]).
Sonstige:
()- Eingeklammerte Ziffern: Unsicherheit zur Darstellung der Streubreite des angegebenen Wertes.
~ - Theoretische Werte oder systematische Trends.
- ungelistet-: Nuklide, die in der Literatur bereits erwänhnt wurden, aber aus irgendwelchen Gründen in den aktuellen Nuklidtabellen nicht mehr zu finden sind, weil sich deren Entdeckung z. B. nicht bestätigt hat.
NMR-aktive Nickel-Nuklide
Nuklid Anteil Spin I | Kernmagnetisches Moment μ/μN | Gyromagnetisches Verhältnis 107 rad T-1 s-1 | Quadrupol- Moment Q [barn] | Resonanz- Frequenz v0 bei 1 T | Relative Empfindlichkeit H0 = const. v0 = const. * |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
61Ni 1,1399(13) % 3/2- | -0,74965(5) | - 2,394 | + 0,162(15) | 3,8114 | 0,00359 0,4476 |
*) bezogen auf 1H = 1,000
Strahlenschutz
Für den Umgang mit den Nickel-Radionukliden gelten gemäß Strahlenschutzverordnung (StrlSchV 2018) unter anderem folgende Werte (Spalten 1 bis 7):
Nuklid | Freigrenzen | HRQ-Schwelle | OFK | Tochternuklide | Halbwertszeit | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ni-56 | 106 Bq | 10 Bq/g | 6,1 Tage | |||
Ni-57 | 106 Bq | 10 Bq/g | 35,9 Stunden | |||
Ni-59 | 108 Bq | 100 Bq/g | 1000 TBq | 100 Bq cm-2 | 76000 Jahre | |
Ni-63 | 108 Bq | 100 Bq/g | 60 TBq | 100 Bq cm-2 | 100,6 Jahre | |
Ni-65 | 106 Bq | 10 Bq/g | 0,1 TBq | 10 Bq cm-2 | 2,5 Stunden | |
Ni-66+ | 107 Bq | 10000 Bq/g | 54,4 Stunden |
(HRQ = Hochradioaktive Quellen; OFK = Oberflächenkontamination)
Kernisobare Nuklide des Nickels
Zu den Nickel-Nukliden isobare Atomkerne befinden sich in der jeweiligen Tabellenzeile; Z = Ordnungszahl; A = Nukleonenzahl (Massenzahl).
Z: | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | S | Cl | Ar | K | Ca | Sc | Ti | V | Cr | Mn | Fe | Co | Ni | Cu | Zn | Ga | Ge | As | Se | Br | Kr | Rb | Sr | Y | Zr |
48 | 48S | 48Cl | 48Ar | 48K | 48Ca | 48Sc | 48Ti | 48V | 48Cr | 48Mn | 48Fe | 48Co | 48Ni | ||||||||||||
49 | 49S | 49Cl | 49Ar | 49K | 49Ca | 49Sc | 49Ti | 49V | 49Cr | 49Mn | 49Fe | 49Co | 49Ni | ||||||||||||
50 | 50Cl | 50Ar | 50K | 50Ca | 50Sc | 50Ti | 50V | 50Cr | 50Mn | 50Fe | 50Co | 50Ni | |||||||||||||
51 | 51Cl | 51Ar | 51K | 51Ca | 51Sc | 51Ti | 51V | 51Cr | 51Mn | 51Fe | 51Co | 51Ni | |||||||||||||
52 | 52Ar | 52K | 52Ca | 52Sc | 52Ti | 52V | 52Cr | 52Mn | 52Fe | 52Co | 52Ni | ||||||||||||||
53 | 53Ar | 53K | 53Ca | 53Sc | 53Ti | 53V | 53Cr | 53Mn | 53Fe | 53Co | 53Ni | 53Cu | |||||||||||||
54 | 54K | 54Ca | 54Sc | 54Ti | 54V | 54Cr | 54Mn | 54Fe | 54Co | 54Ni | 54Cu | 54Zn | |||||||||||||
55 | 55K | 55Ca | 55Sc | 55Ti | 55V | 55Cr | 55Mn | 55Fe | 55Co | 55Ni | 55Cu | 55Zn | |||||||||||||
56 | 56K | 56Ca | 56Sc | 56Ti | 56V | 56Cr | 56Mn | 56Fe | 56Co | 56Ni | 56Cu | 56Zn | |||||||||||||
57 | 57Ca | 57Sc | 57Ti | 57V | 57Cr | 57Mn | 57Fe | 57Co | 57Ni | 57Cu | 57Zn | ||||||||||||||
58 | 58Ca | 58Sc | 58Ti | 58V | 58Cr | 58Mn | 58Fe | 58Co | 58Ni | 58Cu | 58Zn | ||||||||||||||
59 | 59Sc | 59Ti | 59V | 59Cr | 59Mn | 59Fe | 59Co | 59Ni | 59Cu | 59Zn | 59Ga | ||||||||||||||
60 | 60Sc | 60Ti | 60V | 60Cr | 60Mn | 60Fe | 60Co | 60Ni | 60Cu | 60Zn | 60Ga | 60Ge | |||||||||||||
61 | 61Sc | 61Ti | 61V | 61Cr | 61Mn | 61Fe | 61Co | 61Ni | 61Cu | 61Zn | 61Ga | 61Ge | |||||||||||||
62 | 62Ti | 62V | 62Cr | 62Mn | 62Fe | 62Co | 62Ni | 62Cu | 62Zn | 62Ga | 62Ge | 62As | |||||||||||||
63 | 63Ti | 63V | 63Cr | 63Mn | 63Fe | 63Co | 63Ni | 63Cu | 63Zn | 63Ga | 63Ge | 63As | |||||||||||||
64 | 64V | 64Cr | 64Mn | 64Fe | 64Co | 64Ni | 64Cu | 64Zn | 64Ga | 64Ge | 64As | ||||||||||||||
65 | 65V | 65Cr | 65Mn | 65Fe | 65Co | 65Ni | 65Cu | 65Zn | 65Ga | 65Ge | 65As | 65Se | |||||||||||||
66 | 66V | 66Cr | 66Mn | 66Fe | 66Co | 66Ni | 66Cu | 66Zn | 66Ga | 66Ge | 66As | 66Se | 66Br | ||||||||||||
67 | 67Cr | 67Mn | 67Fe | 67Co | 67Ni | 67Cu | 67Zn | 67Ga | 67Ge | 67As | 67Se | 67Br | |||||||||||||
68 | 68Cr | 68Mn | 68Fe | 68Co | 68Ni | 68Cu | 68Zn | 68Ga | 68Ge | 68As | 68Se | 68Br | |||||||||||||
69 | 69Mn | 69Fe | 69Co | 69Ni | 69Cu | 69Zn | 69Ga | 69Ge | 69As | 69Se | 69Br | 69Kr | |||||||||||||
70 | 70Fe | 70Co | 70Ni | 70Cu | 70Zn | 70Ga | 70Ge | 70As | 70Se | 70Br | 70Kr | ||||||||||||||
71 | 71Fe | 71Co | 71Ni | 71Cu | 71Zn | 71Ga | 71Ge | 71As | 71Se | 71Br | 71Kr | 71Rb | |||||||||||||
72 | 72Fe | 72Co | 72Ni | 72Cu | 72Zn | 72Ga | 72Ge | 72As | 72Se | 72Br | 72Kr | 72Rb | |||||||||||||
73 | 73Co | 73Ni | 73Cu | 73Zn | 73Ga | 73Ge | 73As | 73Se | 73Br | 73Kr | 73Rb | 73Sr | |||||||||||||
74 | 74Co | 74Ni | 74Cu | 74Zn | 74Ga | 74Ge | 74As | 74Se | 74Br | 74Kr | 74Rb | 74Sr | |||||||||||||
75 | 75Co | 75Ni | 75Cu | 75Zn | 75Ga | 75Ge | 75As | 75Se | 75Br | 75Kr | 75Rb | 75Sr | |||||||||||||
76 | 76Co | 76Ni | 76Cu | 76Zn | 76Ga | 76Ge | 76As | 76Se | 76Br | 76Kr | 76Rb | 76Sr | 76Y | ||||||||||||
77 | 77Ni | 77Cu | 77Zn | 77Ga | 77Ge | 77As | 77Se | 77Br | 77Kr | 77Rb | 77Sr | 77Y | |||||||||||||
78 | 78Ni | 78Cu | 78Zn | 78Ga | 78Ge | 78As | 78Se | 78Br | 78Kr | 78Rb | 78Sr | 78Y | 78Zr |
Kernisotone Nuklide des Nickels
Die zu den Nickel-Kernen isotonen Nuklide befinden sich in der jeweiligen Tabellenzeile; N = Anzahl der Neutronen.
20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 41 | 42 | 43 | 44 | 45 | 46 | 47 | 48 | 49 | 50 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
29F | 30F | 31F | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
30Ne | 31Ne | 32Ne | 33Ne | 34Ne | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
31Na | 32Na | 33Na | 34Na | 35Na | 36Na | 37Na | 38Na | 39Na | ||||||||||||||||||||||
32Mg | 33Mg | 34Mg | 35Mg | 36Mg | 37Mg | 38Mg | 39Mg | 40Mg | ||||||||||||||||||||||
33Al | 34Al | 35Al | 36Al | 37Al | 38Al | 39Al | 40Al | 41Al | 42Al | 43Al | ||||||||||||||||||||
34Si | 35Si | 36Si | 37Si | 38Si | 39Si | 40Si | 41Si | 42Si | 43Si | 44Si | ||||||||||||||||||||
35P | 36P | 37P | 38P | 39P | 40P | 41P | 42P | 43P | 44P | 45P | 46P | |||||||||||||||||||
36S | 37S | 38S | 39S | 40S | 41S | 42S | 43S | 44S | 45S | 46S | 47S | 48S | 49S | |||||||||||||||||
37Cl | 38Cl | 39Cl | 40Cl | 41Cl | 42Cl | 43Cl | 44Cl | 45Cl | 46Cl | 47Cl | 48Cl | 49Cl | 50Cl | 51Cl | ||||||||||||||||
38Ar | 39Ar | 40Ar | 41Ar | 42Ar | 43Ar | 44Ar | 45Ar | 46Ar | 47Ar | 48Ar | 49Ar | 50Ar | 51Ar | 52Ar | 53Ar | |||||||||||||||
39K | 40K | 41K | 42K | 43K | 44K | 45K | 46K | 47K | 48K | 49K | 50K | 51K | 52K | 53K | 54K | 55K | 56K | |||||||||||||
40Ca | 41Ca | 42Ca | 43Ca | 44Ca | 45Ca | 46Ca | 47Ca | 48Ca | 49Ca | 50Ca | 51Ca | 52Ca | 53Ca | 54Ca | 55Ca | 56Ca | 57Ca | 58Ca | ||||||||||||
41Sc | 42Sc | 43Sc | 44Sc | 45Sc | 46Sc | 47Sc | 48Sc | 49Sc | 50Sc | 51Sc | 52Sc | 53Sc | 54Sc | 55Sc | 56Sc | 57Sc | 58Sc | 59Sc | 60Sc | 61Sc | ||||||||||
42Ti | 43Ti | 44Ti | 45Ti | 46Ti | 47Ti | 48Ti | 49Ti | 50Ti | 51Ti | 52Ti | 53Ti | 54Ti | 55Ti | 56Ti | 57Ti | 58Ti | 59Ti | 60Ti | 61Ti | 62Ti | 63Ti | |||||||||
43V | 44V | 45V | 46V | 47V | 48V | 49V | 50V | 51V | 52V | 53V | 54V | 55V | 56V | 57V | 58V | 59V | 60V | 61V | 62V | 63V | 64V | 65V | 66V | 67V | ||||||
44Cr | 45Cr | 46Cr | 47Cr | 48Cr | 49Cr | 50Cr | 51Cr | 52Cr | 53Cr | 54Cr | 55Cr | 56Cr | 57Cr | 58Cr | 59Cr | 60Cr | 61Cr | 62Cr | 63Cr | 64Cr | 65Cr | 66Cr | 67Cr | 68Cr | ||||||
45Mn | 46Mn | 47Mn | 48Mn | 49Mn | 50Mn | 51Mn | 52Mn | 53Mn | 54Mn | 55Mn | 56Mn | 57Mn | 58Mn | 59Mn | 60Mn | 61Mn | 62Mn | 63Mn | 64Mn | 65Mn | 66Mn | 67Mn | 68Mn | 69Mn | ||||||
46Fe | 47Fe | 48Fe | 49Fe | 50Fe | 51Fe | 52Fe | 53Fe | 54Fe | 55Fe | 56Fe | 57Fe | 58Fe | 59Fe | 60Fe | 61Fe | 62Fe | 63Fe | 64Fe | 65Fe | 66Fe | 67Fe | 68Fe | 69Fe | 70Fe | 71Fe | 72Fe | ||||
47Co | 48Co | 49Co | 50Co | 51Co | 52Co | 53Co | 54Co | 55Co | 56Co | 57Co | 58Co | 59Co | 60Co | 61Co | 62Co | 63Co | 64Co | 65Co | 66Co | 67Co | 68Co | 69Co | 70Co | 71Co | 72Co | 73Co | 74Co | 75Co | 76Co | |
48Ni | 49Ni | 50Ni | 51Ni | 52Ni | 53Ni | 54Ni | 55Ni | 56Ni | 57Ni | 58Ni | 59Ni | 60Ni | 61Ni | 62Ni | 63Ni | 64Ni | 65Ni | 66Ni | 67Ni | 68Ni | 69Ni | 70Ni | 71Ni | 72Ni | 73Ni | 74Ni | 75Ni | 76Ni | 77Ni | 78Ni |
53Cu | 54Cu | 55Cu | 56Cu | 57Cu | 58Cu | 59Cu | 60Cu | 61Cu | 62Cu | 63Cu | 64Cu | 65Cu | 66Cu | 67Cu | 68Cu | 69Cu | 70Cu | 71Cu | 72Cu | 73Cu | 74Cu | 75Cu | 76Cu | 77Cu | 78Cu | 79Cu | ||||
54Zn | 55Zn | 56Zn | 57Zn | 58Zn | 59Zn | 60Zn | 61Zn | 62Zn | 63Zn | 64Zn | 65Zn | 66Zn | 67Zn | 68Zn | 69Zn | 70Zn | 71Zn | 72Zn | 73Zn | 74Zn | 75Zn | 76Zn | 77Zn | 78Zn | 79Zn | 80Zn | ||||
59Ga | 60Ga | 61Ga | 62Ga | 63Ga | 64Ga | 65Ga | 66Ga | 67Ga | 68Ga | 69Ga | 70Ga | 71Ga | 72Ga | 73Ga | 74Ga | 75Ga | 76Ga | 77Ga | 78Ga | 79Ga | 80Ga | 81Ga | ||||||||
60Ge | 61Ge | 62Ge | 63Ge | 64Ge | 65Ge | 66Ge | 67Ge | 68Ge | 69Ge | 70Ge | 71Ge | 72Ge | 73Ge | 74Ge | 75Ge | 76Ge | 77Ge | 78Ge | 79Ge | 80Ge | 81Ge | 82Ge | ||||||||
62As | 63As | 64As | 65As | 66As | 67As | 68As | 69As | 70As | 71As | 72As | 73As | 74As | 75As | 76As | 77As | 78As | 79As | 80As | 81As | 82As | 83As | |||||||||
65Se | 66Se | 67Se | 68Se | 69Se | 70Se | 71Se | 72Se | 73Se | 74Se | 75Se | 76Se | 77Se | 78Se | 79Se | 80Se | 81Se | 82Se | 83Se | 84Se | |||||||||||
66Br | 67Br | 68Br | 69Br | 70Br | 71Br | 72Br | 73Br | 74Br | 75Br | 76Br | 77Br | 78Br | 79Br | 80Br | 81Br | 82Br | 83Br | 84Br | 85Br | |||||||||||
69Kr | 70Kr | 71Kr | 72Kr | 73Kr | 74Kr | 75Kr | 76Kr | 77Kr | 78Kr | 79Kr | 80Kr | 81Kr | 82Kr | 83Kr | 84Kr | 85Kr | 86Kr | |||||||||||||
71Rb | 72Rb | 73Rb | 74Rb | 75Rb | 76Rb | 77Rb | 78Rb | 79Rb | 80Rb | 81Rb | 82Rb | 83Rb | 84Rb | 85Rb | 86Rb | 87Rb | ||||||||||||||
73Sr | 74Sr | 75Sr | 76Sr | 77Sr | 78Sr | 79Sr | 80Sr | 81Sr | 82Sr | 83Sr | 84Sr | 85Sr | 86Sr | 87Sr | 88Sr | |||||||||||||||
76Y | 77Y | 78Y | 79Y | 80Y | 81Y | 82Y | 83Y | 84Y | 85Y | 86Y | 87Y | 88Y | 89Y | |||||||||||||||||
78Zr | 79Zr | 80Zr | 81Zr | 82Zr | 83Zr | 84Zr | 85Zr | 86Zr | 87Zr | 88Zr | 89Zr | 90Zr | ||||||||||||||||||
81Nb | 82Nb | 83Nb | 84Nb | 85Nb | 86Nb | 87Nb | 88Nb | 89Nb | 90Nb | 91Nb | ||||||||||||||||||||
83Mo | 84Mo | 85Mo | 86Mo | 87Mo | 88Mo | 89Mo | 90Mo | 91Mo | 92Mo | |||||||||||||||||||||
85Tc | 86Tc | 87Tc | 88Tc | 89Tc | 90Tc | 91Tc | 92Tc | 93Tc | ||||||||||||||||||||||
87Ru | 88Ru | 89Ru | 90Ru | 91Ru | 92Ru | 93Ru | 94Ru | |||||||||||||||||||||||
89Rh | 90Rh | 91Rh | 92Rh | 93Rh | 94Rh | 95Rh | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
91Pd | 92Pd | 93Pd | 94Pd | 95Pd | 96Pd | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
93Ag | 94Ag | 95Ag | 96Ag | 97Ag | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
95Cd | 96Cd | 97Cd | 98Cd | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
97In | 98In | 99In | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
99Sn | 100Sn |
Literatur und Hinweise
Eigenschaften der Nickel-Isotope
[1] - NuDat: National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, based on ENSDF and the Nuclear Wallet Cards.
[2] - G. Audi et. al.: The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties. Nuclear Physics, (2003), DOI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001.
[3] - Live Chart of Nuclides. Nuclear structure and decay data.
Nickel: Kernmagnetische Eigenschaften - 61Ni-NMR
[4] - N. J. Stone: Table of nuclear magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments. Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables, (2005), DOI 10.1016/j.adt.2005.04.001.
[5] - Pekka Pyykkö: Year-2008 nuclear quadrupole moments. Molecular Physics, (2008), DOI 10.1080/00268970802018367.
[6] - Pekka Pyykkö: Year-2017 nuclear quadrupole moments. Molecular Physics, (2018), DOI 10.1080/00268976.2018.1426131.
[7] - N. J. Stone: Table of recommended nuclear magnetic dipole moments. IAEA, (2019).
Weitere Quellen:
[8] - Isotopenhäufigkeiten, Atommassen und Isotopenmassen: Siehe unter dem jeweiligen Stichwort.
[9] - M. P. Fewell:
The atomic nuclide with the highest mean binding energy.
In: American Journal of Physics, (1995), DOI 10.1119/1.17828.
[10] - K. Garofali, R. Robinson, M. Thoennessen:
Discovery of chromium, manganese, nickel, and copper isotopes.
In: Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables, (2012), DOI 10.1016/j.adt.2011.11.002.
Kategorie: Chemische Elemente
Letzte Änderung am 12.12.2022.
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