Unter Radium-Isotope werden alle Atomkerne des chemischen Elements Radium zusammengefasst; diese bestehen aus einem Atomkern mit 88 Protonen und im ungeladenen Zustand aus 88 Elektronen. Der Unterschied zwischen den einzelnen Radium-Isotopen liegt in der Anzahl der Neutronen im Kern begründet.
Natürlich auftretende Radium-Isotope
Die 34 bekannten Isotope des Radiums sind alle instabil und zerfallen radioaktiv mit mittleren bis sehr kurzen Halbwertszeiten. Entsprechend selten ist das Auftreten des Radiums in der Natur; Radiumquellen sind radioaktive Zerfallsprozesse anderer Elemente. Das Isotop Radium-226 mit einer Halbwertszeit von 1602 Jahren ist hiervon das stabilste und häufigste Nuklid.
Atommasse Ar | Anteil | Halbwertszeit | Spin | |
Radium Isotopengemisch | 226,025409353 u | 100 % | ||
Isotop 226Ra | 226,0254082(21) u | 100 % | 1600(7) Jahre | 0+ |
Nennenswerte Mengen verschiedener Radiumisotope werden u.a. bei der Urangewinnung freigesetzt, die dann wiederum eine Quelle für die leichtflüchtigen Radon-Isotope darstellen.
Verwendung
Radiumisotope finden in Technik und Medizin kaum Anwendung. Das geringe Vorkommen und damit die geringe Verfügbarkeit, aber auch die hohe radioaktive Strahlung sind einige Gründe hierfür. Bei einigen früheren Anwendungen wurde das Radium durch leichter zu handhabende Nuklide ersetzt.
Als so genannte Radiumtherapie gegen Morbus Bechterew (Thorium-X Therapie) wurde früher 224Radiumchlorid eingesetzt; zur Zeit gibt es jedoch keine Hersteller mehr für 224RaCl2.
Als Therapieform mit dem Radium-Nuklid 223Ra gegen Knochenmetasthasen und Prostatakrebs wird zur Zeit das 223Radiumdichlorid unter dem Handelsnamen Xofigo eingesetzt (siehe unter Alpharadin).
Isotopentabelle: Radium
Isotop Nuklid | Z | A | N | Name | Atommasse [Kernmasse] {Massenüberschuss} | Spin I (h/2π) | μ | A-Nuk |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
201Ra | 88 | 201 | 113 | Radium-201 | 201,012815(22) u [200,964546 u] {11,9371 MeV} | (13/2+) | ||
202Ra | 88 | 202 | 114 | Radium-202 | 202,009742(16) u [201,961473 u] {9,07461 MeV} | 0+ | ||
203Ra | 88 | 203 | 115 | Radium-203 | 203,00930(4) u [202,961031 u] {8,66289 MeV} | (3/2-) | ||
203mRa | 88 | 203 | 115 | Radium-203m | 203,00930(4) u [202,961031 u] {8,66289 MeV} | (13/2+) | ||
204Ra | 88 | 204 | 116 | Radium-204 | 204,006502(16) u [203,958233 u] {6,05657 MeV} | 0+ | ||
205Ra | 88 | 205 | 117 | Radium-205 | 205,00627(8) u [204,958001 u] {5,84047 MeV} | (3/2-) | 209Th | |
205mRa | 88 | 205 | 117 | Radium-205m | 205,00627(8) u [204,958001 u] {5,84047 MeV} | (13/2+) | ||
206Ra | 88 | 206 | 118 | Radium-206 | 206,003828(19) u [205,955559 u] {3,56576 MeV} | 0+ | 210Th | |
207Ra | 88 | 207 | 119 | Radium-207 | 207,00381(6) u [206,955541 u] {3,54899 MeV} | (5/2-,3/2-) | 211Th | |
207mRa | 88 | 207 | 119 | Radium-207m | 207,00381(6) u [206,955541 u] {3,54899 MeV} | (13/2+) | ||
208Ra | 88 | 208 | 120 | Radium-208 | 208,001855(10) u [207,953586 u] {1,72792 MeV} | 0+ | 212Th 208Ac | |
208mRa | 88 | 208 | 120 | Radium-208m | 208,001855(10) u [207,953586 u] {1,72792 MeV} | (8+) | ||
209Ra | 88 | 209 | 121 | Radium-209 | 209,001995(6) u [208,953726 u] {1,85833 MeV} | 5/2- | + 0,852(16) | 213Th 209Ac |
209mRa | 88 | 209 | 121 | Radium-209m | 209,001995(6) u [208,953726 u] {1,85833 MeV} | 13/2+ | ||
210Ra | 88 | 210 | 122 | Radium-210 | 210,000475(10) u [209,952206 u] {0,44246 MeV} | 0+ | 214Th 210Ac | |
210mRa | 88 | 210 | 122 | Radium-210m | 210,000475(10) u [209,952206 u] {0,44246 MeV} | 8+ | ||
211Ra | 88 | 211 | 123 | Radium-211 | 211,000893(8) u [210,952624 u] {0,83182 MeV} | 5/2(-) | + 0,8780(38) | 215Th 211Ac |
211mRa | 88 | 211 | 123 | Radium-211m | 211,000893(8) u [210,952624 u] {0,83182 MeV} | (13/2+) | ||
212Ra | 88 | 212 | 124 | Radium-212 | 211,999786(12) u [211,951517 u] {-0,19934 MeV} | 0+ | 216Th 212Ac | |
212m1Ra | 88 | 212 | 124 | Radium-212m1 | 211,999786(12) u [211,951517 u] {-0,19934 MeV} | (8)+ | 7,10(7) | |
212m2Ra | 88 | 212 | 124 | Radium-212m2 | 211,999786(12) u [211,951517 u] {-0,19934 MeV} | (11)- | 12,0(2) | |
213Ra | 88 | 213 | 125 | Radium-213 | 213,000371(11) u [212,952102 u] {0,34558 MeV} | 1/2- | + 0,610(2) | 217Th 213Ac |
213mRa | 88 | 213 | 125 | Radium-213m | 213,000371(11) u [212,952102 u] {0,34558 MeV} | (17/2-) | 7,4 | |
214Ra | 88 | 214 | 126 | Radium-214 | 214,000100(6) u [213,951831 u] {0,09315 MeV} | 0+ | 218Th 214Ac | |
215Ra | 88 | 215 | 127 | Radium-215 | 215,002720(8) u [214,954451 u] {2,53366 MeV} | (9/2+) | 219Th 215Ac | |
215m1Ra | 88 | 215 | 127 | Radium-215m1 | 215,002720(8) u [214,954451 u] {2,53366 MeV} | (25/2+) | ||
215m2Ra | 88 | 215 | 127 | Radium-215m2 | 215,002720(8) u [214,954451 u] {2,53366 MeV} | (29/2-) | ||
215m3Ra | 88 | 215 | 127 | Radium-215m3 | 215,002720(8) u [214,954451 u] {2,53366 MeV} | (43/2-) | 15,61(6) | |
216Ra | 88 | 216 | 128 | Radium-216 | 216,003533(9) u [215,955264 u] {3,29097 MeV} | 0+ | 220Th | |
217Ra | 88 | 217 | 129 | Radium-217 | 217,006323(8) u [216,958054 u] {5,88984 MeV} | (9/2+) | 221Th 217Ac | |
218Ra | 88 | 218 | 130 | Radium-218 | 218,007140(12) u [217,958871 u] {6,65087 MeV} | 0+ | 222Th | |
219Ra | 88 | 219 | 131 | Radium-219 | 219,010085(7) u [218,961816 u] {9,39412 MeV} | (7/2+) | 223Th | |
220Ra | 88 | 220 | 132 | Radium-220 | 220,011026(9) u [219,962757 u] {10,27065 MeV} | 0+ | 224Th 220Ac 220Fr | |
221Ra | 88 | 221 | 133 | Radium-221 | 221,013917(5) u [220,965648 u] {12,9636 MeV} | 5/2+ | - 0,1799(17) | 225Th 221Fr |
222Ra | 88 | 222 | 134 | Radium-222 | 222,015373(5) u [221,967104 u] {14,31986 MeV} | 0+ | 226Th 222Ac 222Fr | |
223Ra | 88 | 223 | 135 | Radium-223 | 223,0185006(22) u [222,9702316 u] {17,2332 MeV} | 3/2+ | + 0,2705(19) | 227Th 223Ac 223Fr |
224Ra | 88 | 224 | 136 | Radium-224 | 224,0202104(19) u [223,9719414 u] {18,82587 MeV} | 0+ | 228Th 224Ac 224Fr | |
224+Ra | 88 | 224 | 136 | Radium-224+ | ||||
225Ra | 88 | 225 | 137 | Radium-225 | 225,0236106(28) u [224,9753416 u] {21,99313 MeV} | 1/2+ | - 0,7338(15) | 229Th 225Fr |
226Ra | 88 | 226 | 138 | Radium-226 | 226,0254082(21) u [225,9771392 u] {23,66759 MeV} | 0+ | 230Th 226Ac 226Fr | |
227Ra | 88 | 227 | 139 | Radium-227 | 227,0291765(21) u [226,9809075 u] {27,17773 MeV} | 3/2+ | - 0,4038(24) | 231Th 227Fr |
228Ra | 88 | 228 | 140 | Radium-228 | 228,0310687(21) u [227,9827997 u] {28,94031 MeV} | 0+ | 232Th 228Fr | |
229Ra | 88 | 229 | 141 | Radium-229 | 229,034957(17) u [228,986688 u] {32,56224 MeV} | 5/2+ | + 0,5025(27) | 229Fr |
230Ra | 88 | 230 | 142 | Radium-230 | 230,037055(11) u [229,988786 u] {34,51651 MeV} | 0+ | 230Fr | |
231Ra | 88 | 231 | 143 | Radium-231 | 231,041027(12) u [230,992758 u] {38,2164 MeV} | (5/2+) | 231Fr | |
231mRa | 88 | 231 | 143 | Radium-231m | 231,041027(12) u [230,992758 u] {38,2164 MeV} | (1/2+) | ||
232Ra | 88 | 232 | 144 | Radium-232 | 232,043475(10) u [231,995206 u] {40,4967 MeV} | 0+ | 232Fr | |
233Ra | 88 | 233 | 145 | Radium-233 | 233,047595(9) u [232,999326 u] {44,33446 MeV} | 1/2+ | ||
234Ra | 88 | 234 | 146 | Radium-234 | 234,050382(9) u [234,002113 u] {46,93053 MeV} | 0+ |
Isotop | Zerfall (radioaktiver Zerfall) | AE | Mehr | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Halbwertszeit | Zerfallsart | Anteil | Energie | Info | ||
1 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 |
Ra-201 | 1,6 ms | α zu 197Rn EE/β+ zu 201Fr | ~100 % ? | 8,002(12) MeV 8,348(22) MeV | AL | |
Ra-202 | ca. 16 ms | α zu 198Rn | ~100 % | 7,880(7) MeV | AL | |
Ra-203 | ca. 31 ms | α zu 199Rn β+ 203Fr | ~100 % selten | 7,736(6) MeV | AL | |
Ra-203m | ca. 24 ms | α zu 199Rn β+ 203Fr | ~100% > 0 % | 220(90) keV | AL | |
Ra-204 | ca. 57 ms | α zu 200Rn β+ zu 204Fr | 99,7 % 0,3 % | 7,637(7) MeV | AL | |
Ra-205 | ca. 210 ms | α zu 201Rn EE/β+ zu 205Fr | ~100% > 0 % | 7,49(5) MeV 7,15(7) MeV | AL | |
Ra-205m | 180(50) ms | α zu 201Rn Iso 205Ra | ~100% > 0 % | 310(110) KeV | AL | |
Ra-206 | 0,24(2) s | α zu 202Rn | ca. 100 % | 7,415(4) MeV | AL | |
Ra-207 | ca. 1,35 s | α zu 203Rn EE/β+ zu 207Fr | 86 % 14 % | 7,27(5) MeV 6,39(6) MeV | AL | |
Ra-207m | 59(4) ms | Iso zu 207Ra α zu 203Rn | >85 % < 15 % | 554(15) keV | AL | |
Ra-208 | 1,3(2) s | α zu 204Rn EE/β+ zu 208Fr | 95 % 5 % | 7,273(5) MeV 4,394(15) MeV | AL | |
Ra-208m | 270(21) ns | 2147,4(4) KeV | AL | |||
Ra-209 | 4,8(2) s | α zu 205Rn EE/β+ zu 209Fr | 90 % 10 % | 7,1431(27) MeV 5,628(16) MeV | AL | |
Ra-209m | 117(5) μs | 882,4(7) keV | ||||
Ra-210 | 3,7(2) s | α zu 206Rn EE/β+ zu 210Fr | 96 % 4 % | 7,151(3) MeV 3,776(18) MeV | AL | |
Ra-210m | 2,1(1) μs | 2050,9(7) keV | AL | |||
Ra-211 | 13(2) s | α zu 207Rn EE/β+ zu 211Fr | 93 % 7 % | 7,042(3) MeV 4,972(14) MeV | AL | |
Ra-211m | 9,7(6) μs | Iso zu 211Ra | 100 % | 1198,1(8) keV | ||
Ra-212 | 13,0(2) s | α zu 208Rn EE/β+ zu 212Fr | 85 % 15 % | 7,0317(17) MeV 3,317(14) MeV | AL | |
Ra-212m1 | 10,9(4) μs | 1958,4(5) keV | AL | |||
Ra-212m2 | 0,85(13) μs | 2613,4(5) keV | AL | |||
Ra-213 | 2,73(5) Minuten | α zu 209Rn EE/β+ zu 213Fr | 86(2) % 14(2) % | 6,8617(23) MeV 3,900(11) MeV | AL | |
Ra-213m | 2,15(7) ms | Iso zu 213Ra α zu 209Ra | 99 % 1 % | 1770(7) keV | AL | |
Ra-214 | 2,46(3) s | α zu 210Rn EE zu 214Fr | 99,941(4) % 0,059(4) % | 7,2726(26) MeV 1,051(10) MeV | AL | |
Ra-215 | 1,66(2) ms | α zu 211Rn | 100 % | 8,864(3) MeV | AL | |
Ra-215m1 | 7,29(20) μs | 1877,8(3) keV | AL | |||
Ra-215m2 | 1,39(7) μs | 2246,9(4) keV | AL | |||
Ra-215m3 | 0,555(10) μs | 3756,6(4)+x keV | AL | |||
Ra-216 | 182(10) ns | α zu 212Rn EE zu 216Fr | ~100% > 0% | 9,526(8) MeV 0,32(1) MeV | AL | |
Ra-217 | 1,6(2) μs | α zu 213Rn | 100 % | 9,161(6) MeV | AL | |
Ra-218 | 25,2(3) μs | α zu 214Rn | 100 % | 8,546(6) MeV | AL | |
Ra-219 | 9(2) ms | α zu 215Rn | 100 % | 8,138(3) MeV | AL | |
Ra-220 | 18(2) ms | α zu 216Rn | 100 % | 7,592(6) MeV | AL | |
Ra-221 | 28(2) s | α zu 217Rn CZ zu 207Pb und 14C | 100 % - - | 6,8804(19) MeV - - | AL | |
Ra-222 | 38,0(5) s | α zu 218Rn CZ zu 208Pb zu 14C | 100 % selten selten | 6,678(4) MeV - - | AL | |
Ra-223 | 11,43(5) Tage | α zu 219Rn CZ zu 209Pb + 14C | 100% selten selten | 5,97899(21) MeV - - | AL | |
Ra-224 | 3,6316(23) Tage | α zu 220Rn CZ zu 210Pb CZ zu 14C | 100 % Spuren Spuren | 5,78892(15) MeV - - | AL | |
Ra-224+ | ||||||
Ra-225 | 14,9(2) Tage | β- zu 225Ac α zu 221Rn | 99,974 % 0,026(6) % | 0,356(5) MeV 5,097(5) MeV | AL | |
Ra-226 | 1600(7) Jahre | α zu 222Rn CZ zu 212Pb + 14C | - - | 4,87070(25) MeV - - | AL | |
Ra-227 | 42,2(5) Minuten | β- zu 227Ac | 100 % | 1,3281(23) MeV | AL | |
Ra-228 | 5,75(3) Jahre | β- zu 228Ac | 100 % | 0,0455(6) MeV | AL | |
Ra-229 | 4,0(2) Minuten | β- zu 229Ac | 100 % | 1,872(20) MeV | AL | |
Ra-230 | 93(2) Minuten | β- zu 230Ac | 100 % | 0,678(19) MeV | AL | |
Ra-231 | 104(1) s | β- zu 231Ac | 100 % | 2,454(17) MeV | AL | |
Ra-231m | 53 μs | 66,21(9) keV | AL | |||
Ra-232 | 4,2(8) Minuten | β- zu 232Ac | 100 % | 1,343(16) MeV | AL | |
Ra-233 | 30(5) s | β- zu 233Ac | 100 % | 3,026(16) MeV | AL | |
Ra-234 | 30(10) s | β- zu 234Ac | 100 % | 2,089(16) MeV | AL |
Erläuterungen zu den einzelnen Spalten:
1 - Symbol mit Nukleonenzahl.
2 - Z = Anzahl der Protonen (Ordnungszahl).
3 - Massenzahl A.
4 - N = Anzahl der Neutronen.
5 - Bezeichnung des Radium-Isotops; gegebenenfalls Trivialnamen.
6 - Relative Atommasse des Radium-Isotops (Isotopenmasse inklusive Elektronen) und in eckigen Klammern die Masse des Atomkerns (Kernmasse, Nuklidmasse ohne Elektronen), jeweils bezogen auf 12C = 12,00000 [2]. Zusätzlich ist der Massenüberschuss (Massenexzess) in MeV angegeben.
7 - Kernspin I, Einheit: h/2π.
8 - Kernmagnetisches Moment μmag.
9 - Ausgangsnuklide: Mögliche, angenommene oder tatsächliche Ausgangs-Nuklide (Mutternuklide, Elternnuklide). Die entsprechenden Zerfalls-Modi sind gegebenenfalls bei den Daten des jeweiligen Ausgangsnuklids zu finden.
10 - Zerfall: Halbwertszeiten des Radium-Isotops mit a = Jahre; ; d = Tage; h = Stunden; min = Minuten; s = Sekunden.
11 - Zerfall: Zerfallsart in die jeweiligen Tochternuklide mit n = Neutronenemission; p = Protonenemission; α = Alpha-Zerfall; ß- = Beta-Minus-Zerfall unter Elektronenemission; EE = Elektroneneinfang; ß+ = Positronenemission; ε = ß+ und/oder EE; Iso = Isomerieübergang; CZ = Cluster-Zerfall; SZ = Spontanzerfall.
12 - Zerfall: Zerfallsanteil in Prozent (%).
13 - Zerfall: Zerfallsenergie; Partikelenergie bezogen auf Zerfallsart.
14 - AE = Anregungsenergie für metastabile Kerne.
15 - Sonstige Informationen und Hinweise: AL = Weitere Niveaus, so genannte Adopted Levels (Verlinkung auf externe Daten [1]).
Sonstige:
()- Eingeklammerte Ziffern: Unsicherheit zur Darstellung der Streubreite des angegebenen Wertes.
~ - Theoretische Werte oder systematische Trends.
- ungelistet-: Nuklide, die in der Literatur bereits erwänhnt wurden, aber aus irgendwelchen Gründen in den aktuellen Nuklidtabellen nicht mehr zu finden sind, weil sich deren Entdeckung z. B. nicht bestätigt hat.
NMR-aktive Radium-Nuklide
Nuklid Anteil Spin I | Kernmagnetisches Moment μ/μN | Gyromagnetisches Verhältnis 107 rad T-1 s-1 | Quadrupol- Moment Q [barn] | Resonanz- Frequenz v0 bei 1 T | Relative Empfindlichkeit H0 = const. v0 = const. * |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
223Ra 3/2+ | + 0,2705(19) | + 1,254(3) | 1,3746 | 0,00017 0,1614 | |
225Ra 1/2+ | - 0,7338(15) | 11,187 | 0,01814 0,2627 |
*) bezogen auf 1H = 1,000
Strahlenschutz
Für den Umgang mit den Radium-Radionukliden gelten gemäß Strahlenschutzverordnung (StrlSchV 2018) unter anderem folgende Werte (Spalten 1 bis 7):
Nuklid | Freigrenzen | HRQ-Schwelle | OFK | Tochternuklide | Halbwertszeit | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ra-223+ | 105 Bq | 1002 Bq/g | 0,1 TBq | 1 Bq cm-2 | Rn219, Po215, Pb211, Bi211, Tl207, Po211 | 11,4 Tage |
Ra-224+ | 105 Bq | 10 Bq/g | 0,05 TBq | 1 Bq cm-2 | Rn220, Po216, Pb212, Bi212, Tl208, Po212 | 3,6 Tage |
Ra-225 | 105 Bq | 10 Bq/g | 0,1 Bq cm-2 | 14,8 Tage | ||
Ra-226+ | 104 Bq | 0,02 Bq/g | 0,04 TBq | 1 Bq cm-2 | Rn222, Po218, Pb214, Bi214, Pb210, Bi210, Po210, Po214 | 1600 Jahre |
Ra-227 | 106 Bq | 100 Bq/g | 10 Bq cm-2 | 42,2 Minuten | ||
Ra-228+ | 105 Bq | 0,1 Bq/g | 0,03 TBq | 1 Bq cm-2 | Ac-228 | 5,8 Jahre |
(HRQ = Hochradioaktive Quellen; OFK = Oberflächenkontamination)
Kernisobare Nuklide des Radiums
Zu den Radium-Nukliden isobare Atomkerne befinden sich in der jeweiligen Tabellenzeile; Z = Ordnungszahl; A = Nukleonenzahl (Massenzahl).
Z: | 77 | 78 | 79 | 80 | 81 | 82 | 83 | 84 | 85 | 86 | 87 | 88 | 89 | 90 | 91 | 92 | 93 | 94 | 95 | 96 | 97 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | Ir | Pt | Au | Hg | Tl | Pb | Bi | Po | At | Rn | Fr | Ra | Ac | Th | Pa | U | Np | Pu | Am | Cm | Bk |
201 | 201Ir | 201Pt | 201Au | 201Hg | 201Tl | 201Pb | 201Bi | 201Po | 201At | 201Rn | 201Fr | 201Ra | |||||||||
202 | 202Ir | 202Pt | 202Au | 202Hg | 202Tl | 202Pb | 202Bi | 202Po | 202At | 202Rn | 202Fr | 202Ra | |||||||||
203 | 203Pt | 203Au | 203Hg | 203Tl | 203Pb | 203Bi | 203Po | 203At | 203Rn | 203Fr | 203Ra | ||||||||||
204 | 204Pt | 204Au | 204Hg | 204Tl | 204Pb | 204Bi | 204Po | 204At | 204Rn | 204Fr | 204Ra | ||||||||||
205 | 205Pt | 205Au | 205Hg | 205Tl | 205Pb | 205Bi | 205Po | 205At | 205Rn | 205Fr | 205Ra | ||||||||||
206 | 206Au | 206Hg | 206Tl | 206Pb | 206Bi | 206Po | 206At | 206Rn | 206Fr | 206Ra | 206Ac | ||||||||||
207 | 207Au | 207Hg | 207Tl | 207Pb | 207Bi | 207Po | 207At | 207Rn | 207Fr | 207Ra | 207Ac | ||||||||||
208 | 208Au | 208Hg | 208Tl | 208Pb | 208Bi | 208Po | 208At | 208Rn | 208Fr | 208Ra | 208Ac | 208Th | |||||||||
209 | 209Au | 209Hg | 209Tl | 209Pb | 209Bi | 209Po | 209At | 209Rn | 209Fr | 209Ra | 209Ac | 209Th | |||||||||
210 | 210Au | 210Hg | 210Tl | 210Pb | 210Bi | 210Po | 210At | 210Rn | 210Fr | 210Ra | 210Ac | 210Th | |||||||||
211 | 211Hg | 211Tl | 211Pb | 211Bi | 211Po | 211At | 211Rn | 211Fr | 211Ra | 211Ac | 211Th | ||||||||||
212 | 212Hg | 212Tl | 212Pb | 212Bi | 212Po | 212At | 212Rn | 212Fr | 212Ra | 212Ac | 212Th | 212Pa | |||||||||
213 | 213Hg | 213Tl | 213Pb | 213Bi | 213Po | 213At | 213Rn | 213Fr | 213Ra | 213Ac | 213Th | 213Pa | |||||||||
214 | 214Hg | 214Tl | 214Pb | 214Bi | 214Po | 214At | 214Rn | 214Fr | 214Ra | 214Ac | 214Th | 214Pa | |||||||||
215 | 215Hg | 215Tl | 215Pb | 215Bi | 215Po | 215At | 215Rn | 215Fr | 215Ra | 215Ac | 215Th | 215Pa | |||||||||
216 | 216Hg | 216Tl | 216Pb | 216Bi | 216Po | 216At | 216Rn | 216Fr | 216Ra | 216Ac | 216Th | 216Pa | |||||||||
217 | 217Tl | 217Pb | 217Bi | 217Po | 217At | 217Rn | 217Fr | 217Ra | 217Ac | 217Th | 217Pa | 217U | |||||||||
218 | 218Pb | 218Bi | 218Po | 218At | 218Rn | 218Fr | 218Ra | 218Ac | 218Th | 218Pa | 218U | ||||||||||
219 | 219Pb | 219Bi | 219Po | 219At | 219Rn | 219Fr | 219Ra | 219Ac | 219Th | 219Pa | 219U | ||||||||||
220 | 220Pb | 220Bi | 220Po | 220At | 220Rn | 220Fr | 220Ra | 220Ac | 220Th | 220Pa | 220U | ||||||||||
221 | 221Bi | 221Po | 221At | 221Rn | 221Fr | 221Ra | 221Ac | 221Th | 221Pa | 221U | |||||||||||
222 | 222Po | 222At | 222Rn | 222Fr | 222Ra | 222Ac | 222Th | 222Pa | 222U | ||||||||||||
223 | 223Po | 223At | 223Rn | 223Fr | 223Ra | 223Ac | 223Th | 223Pa | 223U | ||||||||||||
224 | 224Po | 224At | 224Rn | 224Fr | 224Ra | 224Ac | 224Th | 224Pa | 224U | ||||||||||||
225 | 225Po | 225At | 225Rn | 225Fr | 225Ra | 225Ac | 225Th | 225Pa | 225U | 225Np | |||||||||||
226 | 226Po | 226At | 226Rn | 226Fr | 226Ra | 226Ac | 226Th | 226Pa | 226U | 226Np | |||||||||||
227 | 227Po | 227At | 227Rn | 227Fr | 227Ra | 227Ac | 227Th | 227Pa | 227U | 227Np | |||||||||||
228 | 228At | 228Rn | 228Fr | 228Ra | 228Ac | 228Th | 228Pa | 228U | 228Np | 228Pu | |||||||||||
229 | 229At | 229Rn | 229Fr | 229Ra | 229Ac | 229Th | 229Pa | 229U | 229Np | 229Pu | |||||||||||
230 | 230Rn | 230Fr | 230Ra | 230Ac | 230Th | 230Pa | 230U | 230Np | 230Pu | 230Am | |||||||||||
231 | 231Fr | 231Ra | 231Ac | 231Th | 231Pa | 231U | 231Np | 231Pu | 231Am | ||||||||||||
232 | 232Fr | 232Ra | 232Ac | 232Th | 232Pa | 232U | 232Np | 232Pu | 232Am | 232Cm | |||||||||||
233 | 233Ra | 233Ac | 233Th | 233Pa | 233U | 233Np | 233Pu | 233Am | 233Cm | 233Bk | |||||||||||
234 | 234Ra | 234Ac | 234Th | 234Pa | 234U | 234Np | 234Pu | 234Am | 234Cm | 234Bk |
Kernisotone Nuklide des Radiums
Die zu den Radium-Kernen isotonen Nuklide befinden sich in der jeweiligen Tabellenzeile; N = Anzahl der Neutronen.
113 | 114 | 115 | 116 | 117 | 118 | 119 | 120 | 121 | 122 | 123 | 124 | 125 | 126 | 127 | 128 | 129 | 130 | 131 | 132 | 133 | 134 | 135 | 136 | 137 | 138 | 139 | 140 | 141 | 142 | 143 | 144 | 145 | 146 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
184Lu | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
185Hf | 186Hf | 187Hf | 188Hf | 189Hf | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
186Ta | 187Ta | 188Ta | 189Ta | 190Ta | 191Ta | 192Ta | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
187W | 188W | 189W | 190W | 191W | 192W | 193W | 194W | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
188Re | 189Re | 190Re | 191Re | 192Re | 193Re | 194Re | 195Re | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
189Os | 190Os | 191Os | 192Os | 193Os | 194Os | 195Os | 196Os | 197Os | 198Os | 199Os | 200Os | ||||||||||||||||||||||
190Ir | 191Ir | 192Ir | 193Ir | 194Ir | 195Ir | 196Ir | 197Ir | 198Ir | 199Ir | 200Ir | 201Ir | 202Ir | |||||||||||||||||||||
191Pt | 192Pt | 193Pt | 194Pt | 195Pt | 196Pt | 197Pt | 198Pt | 199Pt | 200Pt | 201Pt | 202Pt | 203Pt | 204Pt | 205Pt | |||||||||||||||||||
192Au | 193Au | 194Au | 195Au | 196Au | 197Au | 198Au | 199Au | 200Au | 201Au | 202Au | 203Au | 204Au | 205Au | 206Au | 207Au | 208Au | 209Au | 210Au | |||||||||||||||
193Hg | 194Hg | 195Hg | 196Hg | 197Hg | 198Hg | 199Hg | 200Hg | 201Hg | 202Hg | 203Hg | 204Hg | 205Hg | 206Hg | 207Hg | 208Hg | 209Hg | 210Hg | 211Hg | 212Hg | 213Hg | 214Hg | 215Hg | 216Hg | ||||||||||
194Tl | 195Tl | 196Tl | 197Tl | 198Tl | 199Tl | 200Tl | 201Tl | 202Tl | 203Tl | 204Tl | 205Tl | 206Tl | 207Tl | 208Tl | 209Tl | 210Tl | 211Tl | 212Tl | 213Tl | 214Tl | 215Tl | 216Tl | 217Tl | ||||||||||
195Pb | 196Pb | 197Pb | 198Pb | 199Pb | 200Pb | 201Pb | 202Pb | 203Pb | 204Pb | 205Pb | 206Pb | 207Pb | 208Pb | 209Pb | 210Pb | 211Pb | 212Pb | 213Pb | 214Pb | 215Pb | 216Pb | 217Pb | 218Pb | 219Pb | 220Pb | ||||||||
196Bi | 197Bi | 198Bi | 199Bi | 200Bi | 201Bi | 202Bi | 203Bi | 204Bi | 205Bi | 206Bi | 207Bi | 208Bi | 209Bi | 210Bi | 211Bi | 212Bi | 213Bi | 214Bi | 215Bi | 216Bi | 217Bi | 218Bi | 219Bi | 220Bi | 221Bi | ||||||||
197Po | 198Po | 199Po | 200Po | 201Po | 202Po | 203Po | 204Po | 205Po | 206Po | 207Po | 208Po | 209Po | 210Po | 211Po | 212Po | 213Po | 214Po | 215Po | 216Po | 217Po | 218Po | 219Po | 220Po | 221Po | 222Po | 223Po | 224Po | 225Po | 226Po | 227Po | |||
198At | 199At | 200At | 201At | 202At | 203At | 204At | 205At | 206At | 207At | 208At | 209At | 210At | 211At | 212At | 213At | 214At | 215At | 216At | 217At | 218At | 219At | 220At | 221At | 222At | 223At | 224At | 225At | 226At | 227At | 228At | 229At | ||
199Rn | 200Rn | 201Rn | 202Rn | 203Rn | 204Rn | 205Rn | 206Rn | 207Rn | 208Rn | 209Rn | 210Rn | 211Rn | 212Rn | 213Rn | 214Rn | 215Rn | 216Rn | 217Rn | 218Rn | 219Rn | 220Rn | 221Rn | 222Rn | 223Rn | 224Rn | 225Rn | 226Rn | 227Rn | 228Rn | 229Rn | 230Rn | ||
200Fr | 201Fr | 202Fr | 203Fr | 204Fr | 205Fr | 206Fr | 207Fr | 208Fr | 209Fr | 210Fr | 211Fr | 212Fr | 213Fr | 214Fr | 215Fr | 216Fr | 217Fr | 218Fr | 219Fr | 220Fr | 221Fr | 222Fr | 223Fr | 224Fr | 225Fr | 226Fr | 227Fr | 228Fr | 229Fr | 230Fr | 231Fr | 232Fr | |
201Ra | 202Ra | 203Ra | 204Ra | 205Ra | 206Ra | 207Ra | 208Ra | 209Ra | 210Ra | 211Ra | 212Ra | 213Ra | 214Ra | 215Ra | 216Ra | 217Ra | 218Ra | 219Ra | 220Ra | 221Ra | 222Ra | 223Ra | 224Ra | 225Ra | 226Ra | 227Ra | 228Ra | 229Ra | 230Ra | 231Ra | 232Ra | 233Ra | 234Ra |
205Ac | 206Ac | 207Ac | 208Ac | 209Ac | 210Ac | 211Ac | 212Ac | 213Ac | 214Ac | 215Ac | 216Ac | 217Ac | 218Ac | 219Ac | 220Ac | 221Ac | 222Ac | 223Ac | 224Ac | 225Ac | 226Ac | 227Ac | 228Ac | 229Ac | 230Ac | 231Ac | 232Ac | 233Ac | 234Ac | 235Ac | |||
208Th | 209Th | 210Th | 211Th | 212Th | 213Th | 214Th | 215Th | 216Th | 217Th | 218Th | 219Th | 220Th | 221Th | 222Th | 223Th | 224Th | 225Th | 226Th | 227Th | 228Th | 229Th | 230Th | 231Th | 232Th | 233Th | 234Th | 235Th | 236Th | |||||
212Pa | 213Pa | 214Pa | 215Pa | 216Pa | 217Pa | 218Pa | 219Pa | 220Pa | 221Pa | 222Pa | 223Pa | 224Pa | 225Pa | 226Pa | 227Pa | 228Pa | 229Pa | 230Pa | 231Pa | 232Pa | 233Pa | 234Pa | 235Pa | 236Pa | 237Pa | ||||||||
216U | 217U | 218U | 219U | 220U | 221U | 222U | 223U | 224U | 225U | 226U | 227U | 228U | 229U | 230U | 231U | 232U | 233U | 234U | 235U | 236U | 237U | 238U | |||||||||||
219Np | 225Np | 226Np | 227Np | 228Np | 229Np | 230Np | 231Np | 232Np | 233Np | 234Np | 235Np | 236Np | 237Np | 238Np | 239Np | ||||||||||||||||||
228Pu | 229Pu | 230Pu | 231Pu | 232Pu | 233Pu | 234Pu | 235Pu | 236Pu | 237Pu | 238Pu | 239Pu | 240Pu | |||||||||||||||||||||
223Am | 229Am | 230Am | 231Am | 232Am | 233Am | 234Am | 235Am | 236Am | 237Am | 238Am | 239Am | 240Am | 241Am | ||||||||||||||||||||
232Cm | 233Cm | 234Cm | 235Cm | 236Cm | 237Cm | 238Cm | 239Cm | 240Cm | 241Cm | 242Cm | |||||||||||||||||||||||
233Bk | 234Bk | 235Bk | 236Bk | 237Bk | 238Bk | 239Bk | 240Bk | 241Bk | 242Bk | 243Bk | |||||||||||||||||||||||
237Cf | 238Cf | 239Cf | 240Cf | 241Cf | 242Cf | 243Cf | 244Cf | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
240Es | 241Es | 242Es | 243Es | 244Es | 245Es | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
241Fm | 242Fm | 243Fm | 244Fm | 245Fm | 246Fm | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
244Md | 245Md | 246Md | 247Md |
Literatur und Hinweise
Eigenschaften der Radium-Isotope
[1] - NuDat: National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, based on ENSDF and the Nuclear Wallet Cards.
[2] - G. Audi et. al.: The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties. Nuclear Physics, (2003), DOI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001.
[3] - Live Chart of Nuclides. Nuclear structure and decay data.
Radium: Kernmagnetische Eigenschaften - 223Ra-NMR, 225Ra-NMR
[4] - N. J. Stone: Table of nuclear magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments. Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables, (2005), DOI 10.1016/j.adt.2005.04.001.
[5] - Pekka Pyykkö: Year-2008 nuclear quadrupole moments. Molecular Physics, (2008), DOI 10.1080/00268970802018367.
[6] - Pekka Pyykkö: Year-2017 nuclear quadrupole moments. Molecular Physics, (2018), DOI 10.1080/00268976.2018.1426131.
[7] - N. J. Stone: Table of recommended nuclear magnetic dipole moments. IAEA, (2019).
Weitere Quellen:
[8] - Isotopenhäufigkeiten, Atommassen und Isotopenmassen: Siehe unter dem jeweiligen Stichwort.
[9] - C. Fry, M. Thoennessen:
Discovery of the astatine, radon, francium, and radium isotopes.
In: Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables, (2013), DOI 10.1016/j.adt.2012.05.003.
Kategorie: Chemische Elemente
Letzte Änderung am 12.12.2022.
Permalink: https://www.internetchemie.info/chemische-elemente/radium-isotope.php.
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